महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-165, verse-19

एषां द्वैधं समुत्पन्नं योधानां युधि भारत ।
तेजोवधो नः क्रियते प्रत्यक्षेण विशेषतः ॥१९॥

19. eṣāṁ dvaidhaṁ samutpannaṁ yodhānāṁ yudhi bhārata ,
tejovadho naḥ kriyate pratyakṣeṇa viśeṣataḥ.

19. eṣām dvaidham samutpannam yodhānām yudhi bhārata
tejaḥvadhaḥ naḥ kriyate pratyakṣeṇa viśeṣataḥ

19. bhārata eṣām yodhānām yudhi dvaidham samutpannam
naḥ tejaḥvadhaḥ pratyakṣeṇa viśeṣataḥ kriyate

19. O Bhārata, a dilemma has arisen among these warriors in battle, and our vigor is being visibly and especially diminished.

Words meanings summery:

• एषाम् (eṣām) - of these, among these

• द्वैधम् (dvaidham) - dilemma, duality, indecision

• समुत्पन्नम् (samutpannam) - arisen, occurred

• योधानाम् (yodhānām) - of the warriors

• युधि (yudhi) - in battle

• भारत (bhārata) - O descendant of Bharata (addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O Bhārata)

• तेजःवधः (tejaḥvadhaḥ) - destruction of valor, diminishing of prowess/energy

• नः (naḥ) - referring to the Kaurava side (our, of us)

• क्रियते (kriyate) - is being done, is caused

• प्रत्यक्षेण (pratyakṣeṇa) - directly, visibly, by direct perception

• विशेषतः (viśeṣataḥ) - especially, particularly, specifically

Words meanings and morphology

एषाम् (eṣām) - of these, among these

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of idam

idam - this, these

Note: This form 'eṣām' can be genitive plural for masculine or neuter 'idam'.

द्वैधम् (dvaidham) - dilemma, duality, indecision

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dvaidha

dvaidha - dilemma, duality, indecision; two-fold nature

Derived from 'dva' (two) + 'ai' suffix indicating 'state of being two'.

समुत्पन्नम् (samutpannam) - arisen, occurred

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of samutpanna

samutpanna - arisen, produced, occurred

Past Passive Participle

Derived from verb root 'pad' with prefixes 'sam' and 'ud'.

Prefixes: sam+ud

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'dvaidham'.

योधानाम् (yodhānām) - of the warriors

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of yodha

yodha - warrior, fighter

From root 'yudh' (to fight).

Root: yudh (class 4)

युधि (yudhi) - in battle

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of yudh

yudh - battle, fight, war

Root: yudh (class 4)

भारत (bhārata) - O descendant of Bharata (addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O Bhārata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, related to India, Indian

Derived from 'Bharata' (name of an ancient king).

तेजःवधः (tejaḥvadhaḥ) - destruction of valor, diminishing of prowess/energy

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tejaḥvadha

tejaḥvadha - destruction of valor, dimunition of energy

Compound type : tatpurusha (tejas+vadha)

• tejas – luster, glory, valor, energy, spirit
  noun (neuter)
• vadha – killing, slaughter, destruction, injury
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'vadh' (to strike, to kill).
  Root: vadh (class 0)

नः (naḥ) - referring to the Kaurava side (our, of us)

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we (first person pronoun)

Note: Enclitic form, can also be dative or accusative dual/plural.

क्रियते (kriyate) - is being done, is caused

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (lat) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

प्रत्यक्षेण (pratyakṣeṇa) - directly, visibly, by direct perception

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of pratyakṣa

pratyakṣa - visible, perceptible, direct; direct perception (as a noun)

From 'prati' (towards) + 'akṣa' (eye).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (prati+akṣa)

• prati – towards, against, in front of
  indeclinable
• akṣa – eye, sense organ
  noun (neuter)

Note: Used adverbially here.

विशेषतः (viśeṣataḥ) - especially, particularly, specifically

(indeclinable)

From 'viśeṣa' (distinction, specific) with suffix '-tas' (indicating 'from, by reason of, especially').