महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-130, verse-17

कृतस्य कारणाद्राजा स्वर्गमत्यन्तमश्नुते ।
त्रेतायाः कारणाद्राजा स्वर्गं नात्यन्तमश्नुते ।
प्रवर्तनाद्द्वापरस्य यथाभागमुपाश्नुते ॥१७॥

17. kṛtasya kāraṇādrājā svargamatyantamaśnute ,
tretāyāḥ kāraṇādrājā svargaṁ nātyantamaśnute ,
pravartanāddvāparasya yathābhāgamupāśnute.

17. kṛtasya kāraṇāt rājā svargam atyantam
aśnute | tretāyāḥ kāraṇāt rājā
svargam na atyantam aśnute | pravartanāt
dvāparasya yathābhāgam upāśnute

17. kṛtasya kāraṇāt rājā svargam atyantam
aśnute tretāyāḥ kāraṇāt rājā
svargam na atyantam aśnute dvāparasya
pravartanāt yathābhāgam upāśnute

17. Owing to the Kṛta Yuga, a king enjoys heaven (svarga) to the fullest extent. Due to the Tretā Yuga, a king does not enjoy heaven (svarga) to the fullest extent. With the advent of the Dvāpara Yuga, he experiences it according to his due share.

Words meanings summery:

• कृतस्य (kṛtasya) - of the Kṛta Yuga (of the Kṛta (age), of what is done, of the deed)

• कारणात् (kāraṇāt) - due to (from the cause, due to the reason, because of)

• राजा (rājā) - king

• स्वर्गम् (svargam) - heaven (svarga) (heaven, celestial world)

• अत्यन्तम् (atyantam) - to the fullest extent (exceedingly, very much, eternally, fully)

• अश्नुते (aśnute) - enjoys, experiences (enjoys, obtains, reaches, partakes of)

• त्रेतायाः (tretāyāḥ) - of the Tretā Yuga (of the Tretā (age))

• कारणात् (kāraṇāt) - due to (from the cause, due to the reason, because of)

• राजा (rājā) - king

• स्वर्गम् (svargam) - heaven (svarga) (heaven, celestial world)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• अत्यन्तम् (atyantam) - to the fullest extent (exceedingly, very much, eternally, fully)

• अश्नुते (aśnute) - enjoys, experiences (enjoys, obtains, reaches, partakes of)

• प्रवर्तनात् (pravartanāt) - with the advent of (from the setting in motion, from the commencement, from the advent)

• द्वापरस्य (dvāparasya) - of the Dvāpara Yuga (of the Dvāpara (age))

• यथाभागम् (yathābhāgam) - according to his due share (according to share, proportionally, as much as due)

• उपाश्नुते (upāśnute) - experiences (enjoys, obtains, experiences)

Words meanings and morphology

कृतस्य (kṛtasya) - of the Kṛta Yuga (of the Kṛta (age), of what is done, of the deed)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed, complete, the Kṛta Yuga (golden age)

Past Passive Participle

From root `kṛ` (to do, to make) + suffix `kta`

Root: kṛ (class 8)

कारणात् (kāraṇāt) - due to (from the cause, due to the reason, because of)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of kāraṇa

kāraṇa - cause, reason, instrument

From root `kṛ` (to do) + suffix `lyuṭ` (ana)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

स्वर्गम् (svargam) - heaven (svarga) (heaven, celestial world)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of svarga

svarga - heaven, celestial abode, paradise

अत्यन्तम् (atyantam) - to the fullest extent (exceedingly, very much, eternally, fully)

(indeclinable)

`ati` (beyond, exceedingly) + `anta` (end)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (ati+anta)

• ati – beyond, over, exceedingly
  indeclinable
• anta – end, limit, extremity
  noun (masculine/neuter)

Note: Used adverbially.

अश्नुते (aśnute) - enjoys, experiences (enjoys, obtains, reaches, partakes of)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of aś

Present tense

Present middle voice, 5th class (`śnu` suffix)

Root: aś (class 5)

त्रेतायाः (tretāyāḥ) - of the Tretā Yuga (of the Tretā (age))

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of tretā

tretā - the second age of the world, Tretā Yuga

कारणात् (kāraṇāt) - due to (from the cause, due to the reason, because of)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of kāraṇa

kāraṇa - cause, reason, instrument

From root `kṛ` (to do) + suffix `lyuṭ` (ana)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

स्वर्गम् (svargam) - heaven (svarga) (heaven, celestial world)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of svarga

svarga - heaven, celestial abode, paradise

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

अत्यन्तम् (atyantam) - to the fullest extent (exceedingly, very much, eternally, fully)

(indeclinable)

`ati` (beyond, exceedingly) + `anta` (end)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (ati+anta)

• ati – beyond, over, exceedingly
  indeclinable
• anta – end, limit, extremity
  noun (masculine/neuter)

Note: Used adverbially.

अश्नुते (aśnute) - enjoys, experiences (enjoys, obtains, reaches, partakes of)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of aś

Present tense

Present middle voice, 5th class (`śnu` suffix)

Root: aś (class 5)

प्रवर्तनात् (pravartanāt) - with the advent of (from the setting in motion, from the commencement, from the advent)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of pravartana

pravartana - setting in motion, beginning, advent, activity

From `pra` + `√vṛt` (to turn, exist) + `lyuṭ` (ana)

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

द्वापरस्य (dvāparasya) - of the Dvāpara Yuga (of the Dvāpara (age))

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dvāpara

dvāpara - the third age of the world, Dvāpara Yuga

यथाभागम् (yathābhāgam) - according to his due share (according to share, proportionally, as much as due)

(indeclinable)

`yathā` (as, according to) + `bhāga` (share)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+bhāga)

• yathā – as, according to, just as
  indeclinable
• bhāga – share, portion, part
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used adverbially.

उपाश्नुते (upāśnute) - experiences (enjoys, obtains, experiences)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of aś

Present tense

Present middle voice, 5th class (`śnu` suffix)

Prefix: upa

Root: aś (class 5)

Note: `upa` (near, towards) + `aśnute`. Meaning is similar to `aśnute` but can imply receiving or experiencing something.