महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-111, verse-1

नारद उवाच ।
ऋषभस्य ततः शृङ्गे निपत्य द्विजपक्षिणौ ।
शाण्डिलीं ब्राह्मणीं तत्र ददृशाते तपोन्विताम् ॥१॥

1. nārada uvāca ,
ṛṣabhasya tataḥ śṛṅge nipatya dvijapakṣiṇau ,
śāṇḍilīṁ brāhmaṇīṁ tatra dadṛśāte taponvitām.

1. nāradaḥ uvāca ṛṣabhasya tataḥ śṛṅge nipatya dvijapakṣiṇau
śāṇḍilīm brāhmaṇīm tatra dadṛśāte taponvitām

1. Nārada said: Then, having alighted on the peak of (Mount) Ṛṣabha, the two bird-Brahmins saw there Śāṇḍilī, a Brahmin woman engaged in asceticism (tapas).

Words meanings summery:

• नारदः (nāradaḥ) - Nārada (divine sage)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• ऋषभस्य (ṛṣabhasya) - Of the mountain Ṛṣabha. (of Ṛṣabha, of the bull)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, from there

• शृङ्गे (śṛṅge) - on the peak, on the horn

• निपत्य (nipatya) - having alighted, having descended, having fallen down

• द्विजपक्षिणौ (dvijapakṣiṇau) - the two bird-Brahmins

• शाण्डिलीम् (śāṇḍilīm) - Śāṇḍilī (name)

• ब्राह्मणीम् (brāhmaṇīm) - Brahmin woman, female Brahmin

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• ददृशाते (dadṛśāte) - they two saw

• तपोन्विताम् (taponvitām) - endowed with asceticism (tapas), accompanied by asceticism

Words meanings and morphology

नारदः (nāradaḥ) - Nārada (divine sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nārada

nārada - Nārada (a divine sage, son of Brahmā)

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Irregular perfect form.

ऋषभस्य (ṛṣabhasya) - Of the mountain Ṛṣabha. (of Ṛṣabha, of the bull)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ṛṣabha

ṛṣabha - bull, best, a particular mountain

Note: Possessive case for 'śṛṅge'.

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, from there

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of time, meaning 'then'.

शृङ्गे (śṛṅge) - on the peak, on the horn

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of śṛṅga

śṛṅga - horn, peak, summit

Note: Location where they alighted.

निपत्य (nipatya) - having alighted, having descended, having fallen down

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Derived from ni + √pat (class 1), 'to fall', with suffix -ya (after prefix).

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Action preceding 'dadṛśāte'.

द्विजपक्षिणौ (dvijapakṣiṇau) - the two bird-Brahmins

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of dvijapakṣin

dvijapakṣin - bird-brahmin

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dvija+pakṣin)

• dvija – twice-born, Brahmin, bird, tooth
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from dvi (two) + √jan (to be born).
  Root: jan (class 4)
• pakṣin – bird, winged creature
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from pakṣa (wing).

Note: Subject of 'dadṛśāte'.

शाण्डिलीम् (śāṇḍilīm) - Śāṇḍilī (name)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śāṇḍilī

śāṇḍilī - Śāṇḍilī (name of a female Brahmin)

Note: Object of 'dadṛśāte'.

ब्राह्मणीम् (brāhmaṇīm) - Brahmin woman, female Brahmin

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of brāhmaṇī

brāhmaṇī - a Brahmin woman

Feminine form of brāhmaṇa.

Note: Describes 'Śāṇḍilīm'.

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

Note: Refers to the location where they saw her.

ददृशाते (dadṛśāte) - they two saw

(verb)

3rd person , dual, middle, perfect (liṭ) of dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Perfect tense, middle voice, dual for 'dvijapakṣiṇau'.

तपोन्विताम् (taponvitām) - endowed with asceticism (tapas), accompanied by asceticism

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of taponvita

taponvita - endowed with asceticism, engaged in spiritual austerity (tapas)

Compound type : tatpurusha (tapas+anvita)

• tapas – asceticism, spiritual austerity, penance
  noun (neuter)
• anvita – accompanied by, endowed with, possessed of
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from anu + √i (to go), with -ta suffix.
  Prefix: anu
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'Śāṇḍilīm Brāhmaṇīm'.