महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-109, verse-10

अत्र सौगन्धिकवनं नैरृतैरभिरक्ष्यते ।
शाड्वलं कदलीस्कन्धमत्र संतानका नगाः ॥१०॥

10. atra saugandhikavanaṁ nairṛtairabhirakṣyate ,
śāḍvalaṁ kadalīskandhamatra saṁtānakā nagāḥ.

10. atra saugandhikavanam nairṛtaiḥ abhirakṣyate
śāḍvalam kadalīskandham atra saṃtānakāḥ nagāḥ

10. Here, the fragrant Saugandhika forest is guarded by the Nairṛtas. Here are grassy areas, banana groves, and the Santānaka trees.

Words meanings summery:

• अत्र (atra) - here, in this place

• सौगन्धिकवनम् (saugandhikavanam) - The Saugandhika forest (famous for its fragrant plants or flowers) (fragrant forest, Saugandhika forest)

• नैरृतैः (nairṛtaiḥ) - by a class of powerful Rākṣasas associated with the south-western direction (by the Nairṛtas)

• अभिरक्ष्यते (abhirakṣyate) - is protected, is guarded

• शाड्वलम् (śāḍvalam) - grassy area, verdant spot

• कदलीस्कन्धम् (kadalīskandham) - A cluster or grove of banana tree trunks (banana tree trunk, banana grove)

• अत्र (atra) - here, in this place

• संतानकाः (saṁtānakāḥ) - The celestial Santānaka trees, one of the five divine trees (Santānaka trees)

• नगाः (nagāḥ) - trees (mountains, trees)

Words meanings and morphology

अत्र (atra) - here, in this place

(indeclinable)

सौगन्धिकवनम् (saugandhikavanam) - The Saugandhika forest (famous for its fragrant plants or flowers) (fragrant forest, Saugandhika forest)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of saugandhikavana

saugandhikavana - fragrant forest, Saugandhika forest

Compound 'saugandhika' (fragrant) + 'vana' (forest).

Compound type : tatpurusha (saugandhika+vana)

• saugandhika – fragrant, aromatic, made of sandalwood; a fragrant flower
  adjective
  Derived from 'sugandha' (fragrance).
• vana – forest, grove, wood
  noun (neuter)

Note: Subject of the passive verb 'abhirakṣyate'.

नैरृतैः (nairṛtaiḥ) - by a class of powerful Rākṣasas associated with the south-western direction (by the Nairṛtas)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of nairṛta

nairṛta - belonging to Nirṛti, a class of Rākṣasas, inhabitants of the southwest

Derived from 'nirṛti' (dissolution, destruction, a goddess).

Note: Agent of the passive verb 'abhirakṣyate'.

अभिरक्ष्यते (abhirakṣyate) - is protected, is guarded

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (Laṭ) of abhirakṣ

Prefix: abhi

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the first half of the verse.

शाड्वलम् (śāḍvalam) - grassy area, verdant spot

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śāḍvala

śāḍvala - grassy, verdant; a grassy spot, meadow

Note: Predicate nominative with an implied 'asti' (is).

कदलीस्कन्धम् (kadalīskandham) - A cluster or grove of banana tree trunks (banana tree trunk, banana grove)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kadalīskandha

kadalīskandha - banana tree trunk, a banana grove

Compound 'kadalī' (banana tree) + 'skandha' (trunk).

Compound type : tatpurusha (kadalī+skandha)

• kadalī – banana tree, plantain tree
  noun (feminine)
• skandha – trunk, stem, branch, shoulder
  noun (masculine)

Note: Predicate nominative with an implied 'asti' (is).

अत्र (atra) - here, in this place

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates location, with an implied verb 'santi' (are).

संतानकाः (saṁtānakāḥ) - The celestial Santānaka trees, one of the five divine trees (Santānaka trees)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saṃtānaka

saṁtānaka - Santānaka tree (one of the five celestial trees of Indra's paradise); offspring, continuous flow

Note: One of the subjects, in apposition with 'nagāḥ'.

नगाः (nagāḥ) - trees (mountains, trees)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of naga

naga - mountain, tree (literally 'not moving')

Derived from 'na' (not) + 'ga' (moving, from root 'gam').

Compound type : bahuvrihi (na+ga)

• na – not, no
  indeclinable
• ga – going, moving, a mover
  adjective
  Agent Noun
  From root 'gam' (to go).
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Predicate nominative with an implied 'santi' (are), referring to the Santānaka trees.