महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-109, verse-13

अत्र यज्ञं समारुह्य ध्रुवं स्थाता पितामहः ।
ज्योतींषि चन्द्रसूर्यौ च परिवर्तन्ति नित्यशः ॥१३॥

13. atra yajñaṁ samāruhya dhruvaṁ sthātā pitāmahaḥ ,
jyotīṁṣi candrasūryau ca parivartanti nityaśaḥ.

13. atra yajñam samāruhya dhruvam sthātā pitāmahaḥ
jyotīṃṣi candrasūryau ca parivartanti nityaśaḥ

13. atra pitāmahaḥ yajñam samāruhya dhruvam sthātā
candrasūryau ca jyotīṃṣi nityaśaḥ parivartanti

13. Here, Pitāmaha (Brahmā) will surely take his place, having ascended to the Vedic ritual (yajña). And the luminaries (jyotīṃṣi), the moon and the sun, revolve eternally.

Words meanings summery:

• अत्र (atra) - here (referring to a specific sacred place) (here, in this place)

• यज्ञम् (yajñam) - the Vedic ritual (yajña) (Vedic ritual, offering, worship)

• समारुह्य (samāruhya) - having ascended (to, i.e., undertaken, performed) (having ascended, having mounted, having climbed)

• ध्रुवम् (dhruvam) - surely (surely, certainly, permanently)

• स्थाता (sthātā) - he will take his place (he will stand, he will remain, he will take his place)

• पितामहः (pitāmahaḥ) - Pitāmaha (referring to Brahmā) (grandfather, Brahmā (the great father))

• ज्योतींषि (jyotīṁṣi) - the luminaries (celestial bodies) (luminaries, heavenly bodies, lights)

• चन्द्रसूर्यौ (candrasūryau) - the moon and the sun

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• परिवर्तन्ति (parivartanti) - they revolve (continuously) (they revolve, they turn around, they move around)

• नित्यशः (nityaśaḥ) - eternally (eternally, constantly, perpetually)

Words meanings and morphology

अत्र (atra) - here (referring to a specific sacred place) (here, in this place)

(indeclinable)

यज्ञम् (yajñam) - the Vedic ritual (yajña) (Vedic ritual, offering, worship)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yajña

yajña - Vedic ritual (yajña), sacrifice, worship, offering

From root 'yaj' (to worship).

Root: yaj (class 1)

समारुह्य (samāruhya) - having ascended (to, i.e., undertaken, performed) (having ascended, having mounted, having climbed)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

From prefixes 'sam' + 'ā' + root 'ruh' (to ascend) + 'lyap' suffix.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: ruh (class 1)

ध्रुवम् (dhruvam) - surely (surely, certainly, permanently)

(indeclinable)

Root: dhru (class 1)

स्थाता (sthātā) - he will take his place (he will stand, he will remain, he will take his place)

(nominal form)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sthā

sthā - to stand, to remain, to exist, to take one's place

Periphrastic Future (Agent Noun)

Periphrastic Future ('luṭ') Active 3rd Person Singular. Formed from root 'sthā' + 'tṛc' (agent noun suffix) + nominative singular ending.

Root: sthā (class 1)

पितामहः (pitāmahaḥ) - Pitāmaha (referring to Brahmā) (grandfather, Brahmā (the great father))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pitāmaha

pitāmaha - paternal grandfather, great father, Brahmā

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pitṛ+mahā)

• pitṛ – father
  noun (masculine)
• mahā – great
  adjective

ज्योतींषि (jyotīṁṣi) - the luminaries (celestial bodies) (luminaries, heavenly bodies, lights)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of jyotis

jyotis - light, brilliance, star, luminary

Root: dyut (class 1)

चन्द्रसूर्यौ (candrasūryau) - the moon and the sun

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of candrasūrya

candrasūrya - moon and sun

Compound type : dvandva (candra+sūrya)

• candra – moon, brilliant
  noun (masculine)
  Root: cand (class 1)
• sūrya – sun, sun god
  noun (masculine)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

परिवर्तन्ति (parivartanti) - they revolve (continuously) (they revolve, they turn around, they move around)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of parivart

Present

Present Active 3rd Person Plural

Prefix: pari

Root: vṛt (class 1)

नित्यशः (nityaśaḥ) - eternally (eternally, constantly, perpetually)

(indeclinable)

Formed from 'nitya' (eternal) + 'śas' (adverbial suffix).