महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-109, verse-1

सुपर्ण उवाच ।
यस्मादुत्तार्यते पापाद्यस्मान्निःश्रेयसोऽश्नुते ।
तस्मादुत्तारणफलादुत्तरेत्युच्यते बुधैः ॥१॥

1. suparṇa uvāca ,
yasmāduttāryate pāpādyasmānniḥśreyaso'śnute ,
tasmāduttāraṇaphalāduttaretyucyate budhaiḥ.

1. suparṇa uvāca yasmāt uttāryate pāpāt yasmāt niḥśreyasaḥ
aśnute tasmāt uttāraṇaphalāt uttarā iti ucyate budhaiḥ

1. Suparṇa said: Because one is liberated from sin (pāpa) and attains the highest good (niḥśreyasa) from it, therefore, it is called "Uttara" by the wise, due to its fruit of liberation.

Words meanings summery:

• सुपर्ण (suparṇa) - Suparṇa (proper name, literally 'having beautiful wings')

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

• यस्मात् (yasmāt) - from which, because of which

• उत्तार्यते (uttāryate) - is liberated, is crossed over, is delivered

• पापात् (pāpāt) - from sin (pāpa), from evil

• यस्मात् (yasmāt) - from which, because of which

• निःश्रेयसः (niḥśreyasaḥ) - of the highest good, ultimate bliss

• अश्नुते (aśnute) - attains, reaches, obtains

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

• उत्तारणफलात् (uttāraṇaphalāt) - from the fruit/result of liberation/crossing over

• उत्तरा (uttarā) - The name 'Uttara' (Uttara (name of a region/direction), northern, superior)

• इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, marking quotation

• उच्यते (ucyate) - it is called, it is said

• बुधैः (budhaiḥ) - by the wise ones, by sages

Words meanings and morphology

सुपर्ण (suparṇa) - Suparṇa (proper name, literally 'having beautiful wings')

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suparṇa

suparṇa - Suparṇa (a divine bird, sometimes identified with Garuḍa); having beautiful wings

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+parṇa)

• su – good, well, beautiful
  indeclinable
• parṇa – wing, feather, leaf
  noun (neuter)
  Root: pṛ

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active

3rd person singular perfect active.

Root: vac (class 2)

यस्मात् (yasmāt) - from which, because of which

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

Relative pronoun.

Note: Refers to 'Uttara' implicitly.

उत्तार्यते (uttāryate) - is liberated, is crossed over, is delivered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of tṝ

Present Passive

3rd person singular present passive.

Prefix: ud

Root: tṝ (class 1)

पापात् (pāpāt) - from sin (pāpa), from evil

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of pāpa

pāpa - sin, evil, wicked

यस्मात् (yasmāt) - from which, because of which

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

Relative pronoun.

Note: Refers to 'Uttara' implicitly.

निःश्रेयसः (niḥśreyasaḥ) - of the highest good, ultimate bliss

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of niḥśreyas

niḥśreyas - highest good, ultimate bliss, final beatitude

From `nis` + `śreyas` (better, good).

Prefix: nis

Root: śrī

Note: Genitive singular of the neuter `as`-stem noun `niḥśreyas`, signifying 'of the highest good'.

अश्नुते (aśnute) - attains, reaches, obtains

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of aś

Present Middle

3rd person singular present middle (Ātmanepada).

Root: aś (class 5)

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of tad

tad - that

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Corresponds to `yasmāt`.

उत्तारणफलात् (uttāraṇaphalāt) - from the fruit/result of liberation/crossing over

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of uttāraṇaphala

uttāraṇaphala - fruit of liberation, result of crossing over

Compound type : tatpurusha (uttāraṇa+phala)

• uttāraṇa – liberation, crossing over, salvation
  noun (neuter)
  From `ud` + `tṝ` + `ana` suffix.
  Prefix: ud
  Root: tṝ (class 1)
• phala – fruit, result, consequence
  noun (neuter)
  Root: phal (class 1)

उत्तरा (uttarā) - The name 'Uttara' (Uttara (name of a region/direction), northern, superior)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of uttarā

uttarā - northern, upper, superior, later, Uttara (proper name for a region/direction/person)

Feminine form of `uttara`.

Root: tṝ

Note: Subject of 'ucyate'.

इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, marking quotation

(indeclinable)

उच्यते (ucyate) - it is called, it is said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of vac

Present Passive

3rd person singular present passive.

Root: vac (class 2)

बुधैः (budhaiḥ) - by the wise ones, by sages

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of budha

budha - wise, learned, sage

From root `budh` (to know).

Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Denotes the agent in the passive construction `ucyate`.