महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-109, verse-6

अत्र गङ्गां महादेवः पतन्तीं गगनाच्च्युताम् ।
प्रतिगृह्य ददौ लोके मानुषे ब्रह्मवित्तम ॥६॥

6. atra gaṅgāṁ mahādevaḥ patantīṁ gaganāccyutām ,
pratigṛhya dadau loke mānuṣe brahmavittama.

6. atra gaṅgām mahādevaḥ patantīm gaganāt cyutām
pratigṛhya dadau loke mānuṣe brahmavittama

6. O best knower of Brahman, here Mahādeva, having received the Gaṅgā who was falling, having fallen from the sky, gave her to the human world.

Words meanings summery:

• अत्र (atra) - here, in this place

• गङ्गाम् (gaṅgām) - Gaṅgā (the river Ganges)

• महादेवः (mahādevaḥ) - Mahādeva (a name of Śiva)

• पतन्तीम् (patantīm) - falling, descending

• गगनात् (gaganāt) - from the sky, from heaven

• च्युताम् (cyutām) - fallen, dropped, deviated

• प्रतिगृह्य (pratigṛhya) - having received, having accepted, having taken

• ददौ (dadau) - gave, bestowed

• लोके (loke) - in the world, among people

• मानुषे (mānuṣe) - in the human world (in the human (world))

• ब्रह्मवित्तम (brahmavittama) - O best knower of Brahman

Words meanings and morphology

अत्र (atra) - here, in this place

(indeclinable)

गङ्गाम् (gaṅgām) - Gaṅgā (the river Ganges)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gaṅgā

gaṅgā - the river Ganges, the celestial river

महादेवः (mahādevaḥ) - Mahādeva (a name of Śiva)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahādeva

mahādeva - Great God, a name of Śiva

पतन्तीम् (patantīm) - falling, descending

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of patant

patant - falling, dropping, descending

Present Active Participle

Present active participle of the root pat (to fall).

Root: pat (class 1)

गगनात् (gaganāt) - from the sky, from heaven

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of gagana

gagana - sky, heaven, atmosphere

च्युताम् (cyutām) - fallen, dropped, deviated

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of cyuta

cyuta - fallen, dropped, deviated, having moved from

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of the root cyu (to move, to fall).

Root: cyu (class 1)

प्रतिगृह्य (pratigṛhya) - having received, having accepted, having taken

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

Absolutive form from the root gṛh (to seize, take) with the upasarga prati-.

Prefix: prati

Root: gṛh (class 9)

ददौ (dadau) - gave, bestowed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect past (liṭ) of dā

Root: dā (class 3)

लोके (loke) - in the world, among people

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, people, universe, realm

Root: lok (class 1)

मानुषे (mānuṣe) - in the human world (in the human (world))

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of mānuṣa

mānuṣa - human, belonging to mankind, manly

Derived from manu (man, human being).

Note: Agrees with loka, 'in the human world'.

ब्रह्मवित्तम (brahmavittama) - O best knower of Brahman

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of brahmavittama

brahmavittama - best knower of Brahman

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (brahmavit+tama)

• brahmavit – knower of Brahman
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of Brahman (absolute reality) and vit (knower).
  Root: vid (class 2)
• tama – most, best (superlative suffix)
  adjective
  Superlative suffix, indicates 'most' or 'best'.