महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-1, verse-16

न चापि पार्थो विजितो रणे तैः स्वतेजसा धृतराष्ट्रस्य पुत्रैः ।
तथापि राजा सहितः सुहृद्भिरभीप्सतेऽनामयमेव तेषाम् ॥१६॥

16. na cāpi pārtho vijito raṇe taiḥ; svatejasā dhṛtarāṣṭrasya putraiḥ ,
tathāpi rājā sahitaḥ suhṛdbhi;rabhīpsate'nāmayameva teṣām.

16. na ca api pārthaḥ vijitaḥ raṇe taiḥ
svatejasā dhṛtarāṣṭrasya putraiḥ
| tathā api rājā sahitaḥ suhṛdbhiḥ
abhīpsate anāmayam eva teṣām

16. Nor was Arjuna (pārtha) conquered in battle by the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra through their own prowess. Yet, despite this, the King (Yudhiṣṭhira), accompanied by his friends, desires only their well-being.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• च (ca) - nor (and, also)

• अपि (api) - also, even

• पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Arjuna (son of Pṛthā, Arjuna)

• विजितः (vijitaḥ) - was conquered (conquered, defeated)

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war

• तैः (taiḥ) - by them (Dhṛtarāṣṭra's sons) (by them)

• स्वतेजसा (svatejasā) - by their own prowess (referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra's sons) (by one's own prowess/splendor)

• धृतराष्ट्रस्य (dhṛtarāṣṭrasya) - of Dhṛtarāṣṭra

• पुत्रैः (putraiḥ) - by the sons

• तथा (tathā) - even so, yet (in conjunction with api) (thus, so, in that manner)

• अपि (api) - also, even

• राजा (rājā) - King Yudhiṣṭhira (king)

• सहितः (sahitaḥ) - accompanied by (accompanied by, together with)

• सुहृद्भिः (suhṛdbhiḥ) - by friends

• अभीप्सते (abhīpsate) - desires, wishes for

• अनामयम् (anāmayam) - their well-being (well-being, health, freedom from illness)

• एव (eva) - only (only, just, indeed, very)

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them (Dhṛtarāṣṭra's sons) (of them)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the action.

च (ca) - nor (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects clauses, here used with na for emphasis.

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

Note: Intensifies the negation.

पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Arjuna (son of Pṛthā, Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī), Arjuna

Derived from Pṛthā + aṇ affix

Note: Subject of the implied verb of being in the first clause.

विजितः (vijitaḥ) - was conquered (conquered, defeated)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vijita

vijita - conquered, defeated, overcome

Past Passive Participle

From prefix vi- + root ji- (to conquer) + kta suffix

Prefix: vi

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Predicative adjective.

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, combat, war

Root: raṇ (class 1)

Note: Indicates location of the action.

तैः (taiḥ) - by them (Dhṛtarāṣṭra's sons) (by them)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra's sons.

स्वतेजसा (svatejasā) - by their own prowess (referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra's sons) (by one's own prowess/splendor)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of svatejas

svatejas - one's own prowess, own splendor, inherent power

Compound type : tatpurusha (sva+tejas)

• sva – one's own, self
  pronoun (masculine)
• tejas – splendor, brilliance, energy, prowess, valor
  noun (neuter)
  Root: tij (class 1)

Note: Indicates the means/instrument.

धृतराष्ट्रस्य (dhṛtarāṣṭrasya) - of Dhṛtarāṣṭra

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (proper name, 'he who holds the kingdom')

Note: Modifies putraiḥ.

पुत्रैः (putraiḥ) - by the sons

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son

Note: Instrumental agent of the passive vijitaḥ.

तथा (tathā) - even so, yet (in conjunction with api) (thus, so, in that manner)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with api to mean "nevertheless, despite that".

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with tathā to mean "nevertheless, despite that".

राजा (rājā) - King Yudhiṣṭhira (king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Subject of abhīpsate.

सहितः (sahitaḥ) - accompanied by (accompanied by, together with)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sahita

sahita - accompanied by, together with, endowed with

Past Passive Participle

From prefix sa- (or saha) + root dhā (to place) + kta suffix, meaning 'placed together'

Prefix: sa

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Qualifies rājā.

सुहृद्भिः (suhṛdbhiḥ) - by friends

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of suhṛd

suhṛd - friend, well-wisher

Compound type : bahuvrihi (su+hṛd)

• su – good, well, excellent
  prefix
• hṛd – heart, mind
  noun (neuter)

Note: Expresses accompaniment, with sahitaḥ.

अभीप्सते (abhīpsate) - desires, wishes for

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of īps

Desiderative

Desiderative stem of āp- (to obtain), with prefix abhi-

Prefix: abhi

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Desiderative form.

अनामयम् (anāmayam) - their well-being (well-being, health, freedom from illness)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of anāmaya

anāmaya - well-being, health, freedom from illness, sound state

Negative prefix 'an-' + āmaya (illness)

Compound type : nah-tatpurusha (an+āmaya)

• an – negative prefix, not, un-
  prefix
• āmaya – illness, sickness, disease
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of abhīpsate.

एव (eva) - only (only, just, indeed, very)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them (Dhṛtarāṣṭra's sons) (of them)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra's sons.