महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-68, verse-12

तस्य तद्वचनं श्रुत्वा त्वरितोऽहमिहागतः ।
श्रुत्वा प्रमाणं भवती राज्ञश्चैव निवेदय ॥१२॥

12. tasya tadvacanaṁ śrutvā tvarito'hamihāgataḥ ,
śrutvā pramāṇaṁ bhavatī rājñaścaiva nivedaya.

12. tasya tat vacanam śrutvā tvaritaḥ aham iha āgataḥ
śrutvā pramāṇam bhavatī rājñaḥ ca eva nivedaya

12. Having heard his words, I quickly came here. Once you have heard (my account), you, madam, will be the authority; therefore, please report (this) to the king.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - his (referring to the prior speaker, e.g., Yudhishthira or Bhima) (his, her, its, of that (masculine/neuter genitive singular))

• तत् (tat) - that (word/speech) (that, it (neuter nominative/accusative singular))

• वचनम् (vacanam) - word, statement (word, speech, saying)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having seen (having seen, having perceived)

• त्वरितः (tvaritaḥ) - having hastened, quickly (I became) (hastened, quick, speedy)

• अहम् (aham) - I (the speaker, likely Bhima or a messenger) (I)

• इह (iha) - here (here, in this world, now)

• आगतः (āgataḥ) - have come, arrived (come, arrived, returned)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having seen (having seen, having perceived)

• प्रमाणम् (pramāṇam) - authority, proof, reliable source (authority, proof, standard, measure)

• भवती (bhavatī) - your honor, madam (addressing Draupadi) (your honor (feminine), lady, madam)

• राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - to the king (of the king, from the king (genitive/ablative singular))

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly (indeed, just, only, certainly)

• निवेदय (nivedaya) - report (it) (report, inform, announce)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - his (referring to the prior speaker, e.g., Yudhishthira or Bhima) (his, her, its, of that (masculine/neuter genitive singular))

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

Masculine/neuter genitive singular of the pronoun tad

तत् (tat) - that (word/speech) (that, it (neuter nominative/accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it, this

Neuter nominative/accusative singular of the pronoun tad

वचनम् (vacanam) - word, statement (word, speech, saying)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - word, speech, saying, statement

From root vac (to speak) + ana suffix

Root: vac (class 2)

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having seen (having seen, having perceived)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Absolutive form of root dṛś (to see)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Describes an action completed before the main verb.

त्वरितः (tvaritaḥ) - having hastened, quickly (I became) (hastened, quick, speedy)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tvarita

tvarita - hastened, quick, speedy, quickly done

Past Passive Participle

From root tvar (to hasten, to be quick)

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Functions adverbially here as "quickly".

अहम् (aham) - I (the speaker, likely Bhima or a messenger) (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Nominative singular of the 1st person pronoun asmad

Note: Subject of the implied verb.

इह (iha) - here (here, in this world, now)

(indeclinable)

आगतः (āgataḥ) - have come, arrived (come, arrived, returned)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āgata

āgata - come, arrived, returned, approached

Past Passive Participle

From ā (towards) + root gam (to go, to come)

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Part of the compound predicate tvaritaḥ aham āgataḥ.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having seen (having seen, having perceived)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Absolutive form of root dṛś (to see)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Describes an action completed before the main verb.

प्रमाणम् (pramāṇam) - authority, proof, reliable source (authority, proof, standard, measure)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pramāṇa

pramāṇa - authority, proof, evidence, standard, measure, right cognition

From pra + root mā (to measure) + ana suffix

Prefix: pra

Root: mā (class 2)

Note: Predicate of bhavatī, implies "you become the authority".

भवती (bhavatī) - your honor, madam (addressing Draupadi) (your honor (feminine), lady, madam)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - your honor, you (polite address)

Feminine nominative singular of the pronoun bhavat (honorific 'you')

Note: Subject of an implied verb "to be" with pramāṇam.

राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - to the king (of the king, from the king (genitive/ablative singular))

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

n-stem masculine noun.

Note: Acts as dative for the verb nivedaya.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly (indeed, just, only, certainly)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

निवेदय (nivedaya) - report (it) (report, inform, announce)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of niveday

imperative 2nd singular (causative)

Causative stem of ni + root vid (to know), then imperative 2nd singular.

Prefix: ni

Root: vid (class 6)