महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-68, verse-2

नैषधं मृगयानेन दमयन्ति दिवानिशम् ।
अयोध्यां नगरीं गत्वा भाङ्गस्वरिरुपस्थितः ॥२॥

2. naiṣadhaṁ mṛgayānena damayanti divāniśam ,
ayodhyāṁ nagarīṁ gatvā bhāṅgasvarirupasthitaḥ.

2. naiṣadham mṛgayānena damayanti divāniśam
ayodhyām nagarīm gatvā bhāṅgasvariḥ upasthitaḥ

2. O Damayantī, (I saw) the king of Niṣadha (Nala) engaged in hunting day and night. He, Bhāṅgasvari, has gone to the city of Ayodhyā and is present there.

Words meanings summery:

• नैषधम् (naiṣadham) - Nala, the king of Niṣadha (king of Niṣadha, Nala)

• मृगयानेन (mṛgayānena) - by hunting, by the hunt

• दमयन्ति (damayanti) - O Damayantī

• दिवानिशम् (divāniśam) - day and night

• अयोध्याम् (ayodhyām) - to Ayodhyā (Ayodhyā)

• नगरीम् (nagarīm) - to the city (city)

• गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone

• भाङ्गस्वरिः (bhāṅgasvariḥ) - Bhāṅgasvari (Nala in disguise) (Bhāṅgasvari (name, another name for Nala/Bahuka))

• उपस्थितः (upasthitaḥ) - is present (there) (present, arrived, standing by)

Words meanings and morphology

नैषधम् (naiṣadham) - Nala, the king of Niṣadha (king of Niṣadha, Nala)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of naiṣadha

naiṣadha - belonging to Niṣadha; king of Niṣadha; Nala

Derived from Niṣadha, the name of a kingdom.

Note: Accusative form, implying an unstated verb like 'I found' or 'I saw'.

मृगयानेन (mṛgayānena) - by hunting, by the hunt

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of mṛgayāna

mṛgayāna - hunting, the chase, sport

Instrumental case of mṛgayāna (the act of hunting).

दमयन्ति (damayanti) - O Damayantī

(proper noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of damayantī

damayantī - Damayantī (proper name)

दिवानिशम् (divāniśam) - day and night

(indeclinable)

Compound used as an adverb.

Compound type : dvandva (divā+niśā)

• divā – by day, in the daytime
  indeclinable
• niśā – night
  noun (feminine)

अयोध्याम् (ayodhyām) - to Ayodhyā (Ayodhyā)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ayodhyā

ayodhyā - Ayodhyā (name of a city)

Note: Used as the destination, hence accusative.

नगरीम् (nagarīm) - to the city (city)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of nagarī

nagarī - city, town

Note: Agrees with `ayodhyām`.

गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

Absolutive (gerund) of √gam (class 1)

Root: gam (class 1)

भाङ्गस्वरिः (bhāṅgasvariḥ) - Bhāṅgasvari (Nala in disguise) (Bhāṅgasvari (name, another name for Nala/Bahuka))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhāṅgasvari

bhāṅgasvari - Bhāṅgasvari (a proper name, an epithet of Nala in disguise as Bahuka)

उपस्थितः (upasthitaḥ) - is present (there) (present, arrived, standing by)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of upasthita

upasthita - present, standing near, arrived, ready

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of upa-√sthā (to stand near, to be present)

Prefix: upa

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `bhāṅgasvariḥ`.