महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-68, verse-2

नैषधं मृगयानेन दमयन्ति दिवानिशम् ।
अयोध्यां नगरीं गत्वा भाङ्गस्वरिरुपस्थितः ॥२॥

2. naiṣadhaṁ mṛgayānena damayanti divāniśam ,
ayodhyāṁ nagarīṁ gatvā bhāṅgasvarirupasthitaḥ.

2. naiṣadham mṛgayānena damayanti divāniśam
ayodhyām nagarīm gatvā bhāṅgasvariḥ upasthitaḥ

2. O Damayantī, (I saw) the king of Niṣadha (Nala) engaged in hunting day and night. He, Bhāṅgasvari, has gone to the city of Ayodhyā and is present there.

2. הו דַמַיַנְטִי, חיפשתי את נַישַׁדְהַא יום ולילה. הגעתי לעיר אַיוֹדְהְיָה ועמדתי לפני בְּהָאנְגַסְוַרִי, המלך רְטוּפַּרְנַה.

Words meanings summery:

• नैषधम् (naiṣadham) - Nala, the king of Niṣadha (king of Niṣadha, Nala)

• मृगयानेन (mṛgayānena) - by hunting, by the hunt

• दमयन्ति (damayanti) - O Damayantī

• दिवानिशम् (divāniśam) - day and night

• अयोध्याम् (ayodhyām) - to Ayodhyā (Ayodhyā)

• नगरीम् (nagarīm) - to the city (city)

• गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone

• भाङ्गस्वरिः (bhāṅgasvariḥ) - Bhāṅgasvari (Nala in disguise) (Bhāṅgasvari (name, another name for Nala/Bahuka))

• उपस्थितः (upasthitaḥ) - is present (there) (present, arrived, standing by)

Words meanings and morphology

नैषधम् (naiṣadham) - Nala, the king of Niṣadha (king of Niṣadha, Nala)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of naiṣadha

naiṣadha - belonging to Niṣadha; king of Niṣadha; Nala

Derived from Niṣadha, the name of a kingdom.

Note: Accusative form, implying an unstated verb like 'I found' or 'I saw'.

मृगयानेन (mṛgayānena) - by hunting, by the hunt

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of mṛgayāna

mṛgayāna - hunting, the chase, sport

Instrumental case of mṛgayāna (the act of hunting).

दमयन्ति (damayanti) - O Damayantī

(proper noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of damayantī

damayantī - Damayantī (proper name)

दिवानिशम् (divāniśam) - day and night

(indeclinable)

Compound used as an adverb.

Compound type : dvandva (divā+niśā)

• divā – by day, in the daytime
  indeclinable
• niśā – night
  noun (feminine)

अयोध्याम् (ayodhyām) - to Ayodhyā (Ayodhyā)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ayodhyā

ayodhyā - Ayodhyā (name of a city)

Note: Used as the destination, hence accusative.

नगरीम् (nagarīm) - to the city (city)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of nagarī

nagarī - city, town

Note: Agrees with `ayodhyām`.

गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

Absolutive (gerund) of √gam (class 1)

Root: gam (class 1)

भाङ्गस्वरिः (bhāṅgasvariḥ) - Bhāṅgasvari (Nala in disguise) (Bhāṅgasvari (name, another name for Nala/Bahuka))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhāṅgasvari

bhāṅgasvari - Bhāṅgasvari (a proper name, an epithet of Nala in disguise as Bahuka)

उपस्थितः (upasthitaḥ) - is present (there) (present, arrived, standing by)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of upasthita

upasthita - present, standing near, arrived, ready

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of upa-√sthā (to stand near, to be present)

Prefix: upa

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `bhāṅgasvariḥ`.

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