महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-41, verse-26

ततः शुभं गिरिवरमीश्वरस्तदा सहोमया सिततटसानुकन्दरम् ।
विहाय तं पतगमहर्षिसेवितं जगाम खं पुरुषवरस्य पश्यतः ॥२६॥

26. tataḥ śubhaṁ girivaramīśvarastadā; sahomayā sitataṭasānukandaram ,
vihāya taṁ patagamaharṣisevitaṁ; jagāma khaṁ puruṣavarasya paśyataḥ.

26. tataḥ śubham girivaram īśvaraḥ tadā
saha umayā sitataṭasānukandaram
vihāya tam patagamaharṣisevitam
jagāma kham puruṣavarasya paśyataḥ

26. Then, at that time, the Lord (Īśvara), accompanied by Uma, abandoned that auspicious, excellent mountain—characterized by white slopes and caves, and frequented by birds and great sages—and ascended into the sky as the best of men (Arjuna) watched.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

• शुभम् (śubham) - auspicious, beautiful

• गिरिवरम् (girivaram) - excellent mountain, best of mountains

• ईश्वरः (īśvaraḥ) - Śiva (the Lord, controller)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• सह (saha) - with, accompanied by

• उमया (umayā) - with Pārvatī (by Uma, with Uma)

• सिततटसानुकन्दरम् (sitataṭasānukandaram) - describing the mountain's features (with white slopes, plateaus, and caves)

• विहाय (vihāya) - having abandoned, having left

• तम् (tam) - that mountain (that)

• पतगमहर्षिसेवितम् (patagamaharṣisevitam) - frequented by birds and great sages

• जगाम (jagāma) - ascended, departed (went)

• खम् (kham) - sky, space

• पुरुषवरस्य (puruṣavarasya) - of Arjuna (of the best of men)

• पश्यतः (paśyataḥ) - as Arjuna watched (while seeing, of him seeing)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

(indeclinable)

शुभम् (śubham) - auspicious, beautiful

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śubha

śubha - auspicious, beautiful, bright, good

Note: Qualifies 'girivaram'.

गिरिवरम् (girivaram) - excellent mountain, best of mountains

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of girivara

girivara - excellent mountain, best of mountains

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (giri+vara)

• giri – mountain, hill
  noun (masculine)
• vara – best, excellent, superior
  adjective

Note: Object of 'vihāya'.

ईश्वरः (īśvaraḥ) - Śiva (the Lord, controller)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of īśvara

īśvara - lord, master, ruler; an epithet of Śiva

From root 'īś' (to rule, be master).

Root: īś (class 2)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

सह (saha) - with, accompanied by

(indeclinable)

उमया (umayā) - with Pārvatī (by Uma, with Uma)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of umā

umā - Umā (name of Pārvatī, consort of Śiva)

Note: Used with 'saha'.

सिततटसानुकन्दरम् (sitataṭasānukandaram) - describing the mountain's features (with white slopes, plateaus, and caves)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sitataṭasānukandara

sitataṭasānukandara - having white slopes, plateaus, and caves

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sita+taṭa+sānu+kandara)

• sita – white, fair, bright
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'śī' (to bind/tie) or 'śvit' (to be white).
  Root: śī (class 2)
• taṭa – slope, bank, shore
  noun (masculine)
• sānu – plateau, summit, peak
  noun (masculine)
• kandara – cave, cavern
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'girivaram'.

विहाय (vihāya) - having abandoned, having left

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root 'hā' (to abandon) with prefix 'vi'. 'lyap' suffix (ya) used when root has a prefix.

Prefix: vi

Root: hā (class 3)

Note: Indicates an action completed before the main verb 'jagāma'.

तम् (tam) - that mountain (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this

Note: Refers back to 'girivaram'.

पतगमहर्षिसेवितम् (patagamaharṣisevitam) - frequented by birds and great sages

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of patagamaharṣisevita

patagamaharṣisevita - frequented, attended, or served by birds and great sages

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (patagamaharṣi+sevita)

• patagamaharṣi – birds and great sages
  noun (masculine)
• sevita – frequented, served, attended
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'sev' (to serve, attend, frequent).
  Root: sev (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'girivaram'.

जगाम (jagāma) - ascended, departed (went)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of gam

Perfect 3rd Person Singular

Root 'gam', Class 1 Parasmaipada. Perfect form.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Main verb, subject is Īśvara.

खम् (kham) - sky, space

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kha

kha - sky, space, ether; hole

Note: Direction of movement for 'jagāma'.

पुरुषवरस्य (puruṣavarasya) - of Arjuna (of the best of men)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of puruṣavara

puruṣavara - best of men, excellent man

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+vara)

• puruṣa – man, person (puruṣa), human being
  noun (masculine)
• vara – best, excellent, superior
  adjective

Note: Refers to Arjuna.

पश्यतः (paśyataḥ) - as Arjuna watched (while seeing, of him seeing)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of paśyat

paśyat - seeing, looking, observing

Present Active Participle

From root 'dṛś' (to see), present stem 'paśya-'.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Genitive case agrees with 'puruṣavarasya', indicating simultaneous action.