महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-41, verse-24

स्वर्गं गच्छेत्यनुज्ञातस्त्र्यम्बकेन तदार्जुनः ।
प्रणम्य शिरसा पार्थः प्राञ्जलिर्देवमैक्षत ॥२४॥

24. svargaṁ gacchetyanujñātastryambakena tadārjunaḥ ,
praṇamya śirasā pārthaḥ prāñjalirdevamaikṣata.

24. svargam gaccha iti anujñātaḥ tryambakena tad arjunaḥ
praṇamya śirasā pārthaḥ prāñjaliḥ devam aikṣata

24. Then Arjuna, having been permitted by Tryambaka (Śiva) to "go to heaven," bowed his head and, with folded hands, gazed at the deity.

Words meanings summery:

• स्वर्गम् (svargam) - heaven, to heaven

• गच्छ (gaccha) - go!

• इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner

• अनुज्ञातः (anujñātaḥ) - permitted, allowed

• त्र्यम्बकेन (tryambakena) - by Śiva, who has three eyes (by Tryambaka)

• तद् (tad) - then, at that time

• अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna

• प्रणम्य (praṇamya) - having bowed, after bowing

• शिरसा (śirasā) - bowing his head (a gesture of reverence) (with the head, by the head)

• पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Arjuna, son of Pṛthā (Kuntī) (Pārtha (Arjuna))

• प्राञ्जलिः (prāñjaliḥ) - with folded hands, reverently

• देवम् (devam) - Śiva (god, deity)

• ऐक्षत (aikṣata) - looked, gazed, saw

Words meanings and morphology

स्वर्गम् (svargam) - heaven, to heaven

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of svarga

svarga - heaven, paradise, celestial abode

Note: Used adverbially to indicate destination.

गच्छ (gaccha) - go!

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (lot) of gam

Imperative 2nd Person Singular

Root 'gam', Class 1 Parasmaipada, Present stem 'gaccha-'.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Direct command in quoted speech.

इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner

(indeclinable)

Note: Marks the end of the quoted speech.

अनुज्ञातः (anujñātaḥ) - permitted, allowed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anujñāta

anujñāta - permitted, allowed, consented

Past Passive Participle

From root 'jñā' (to know) with prefix 'anu' (after, with).

Prefix: anu

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Qualifies Arjuna.

त्र्यम्बकेन (tryambakena) - by Śiva, who has three eyes (by Tryambaka)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tryambaka

tryambaka - three-eyed; an epithet of Śiva

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tri+ambaka)

• tri – three
  numeral
• ambaka – eye
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agent of permission (anujñātaḥ).

तद् (tad) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (name of a Pāṇḍava prince); white, silver

Note: Subject of the main clause.

प्रणम्य (praṇamya) - having bowed, after bowing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root 'nam' (to bow) with prefix 'pra'. 'lyap' suffix (ya) used when root has a prefix.

Prefix: pra

Root: nam (class 1)

Note: Indicates an action completed before the main verb 'aikṣata'.

शिरसा (śirasā) - bowing his head (a gesture of reverence) (with the head, by the head)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of śiras

śiras - head

Note: Instrument of bowing.

पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Arjuna, son of Pṛthā (Kuntī) (Pārtha (Arjuna))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī); an epithet of Arjuna

Derived from 'pṛthā' with a patronymic suffix 'aṇ'.

Note: Another name for Arjuna, subject of the sentence.

प्राञ्जलिः (prāñjaliḥ) - with folded hands, reverently

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prāñjali

prāñjali - having folded hands (as a gesture of respect or reverence)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pra+añjali)

• pra – forth, forward, very, excellent
  indeclinable
• añjali – folded hands, cupped hands (as a gesture of reverence or offering)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies Arjuna.

देवम् (devam) - Śiva (god, deity)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of deva

deva - god, deity, divine being

Note: Object of 'aikṣata'.

ऐक्षत (aikṣata) - looked, gazed, saw

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of īkṣ

Imperfect 3rd Person Singular

Root 'īkṣ', Class 1 Ātmanepada. Augment 'a' added for imperfect.

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: The main action of Arjuna.