महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-293, verse-9

अनपत्यस्य पुत्रोऽयं देवैर्दत्तो ध्रुवं मम ।
इत्युक्त्वा तं ददौ पुत्रं राधायै स महीपते ॥९॥

9. anapatyasya putro'yaṁ devairdatto dhruvaṁ mama ,
ityuktvā taṁ dadau putraṁ rādhāyai sa mahīpate.

9. anapatyasya putraḥ ayam devaiḥ dattaḥ dhruvam mama
iti uktvā tam dadau putram rādhāyai saḥ mahīpate

9. "To me, who was childless, this son has surely been given by the gods," having said this, he gave that son to Rādhā, O king.

Words meanings summery:

• अनपत्यस्य (anapatyasya) - of the childless one

• पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son

• अयम् (ayam) - this (this, this one)

• देवैः (devaiḥ) - by the gods

• दत्तः (dattaḥ) - given (given, granted)

• ध्रुवम् (dhruvam) - surely (certainly, surely, fixed, firm)

• मम (mama) - to me (my, to me)

• इति (iti) - thus (thus, so, a particle used to indicate quoted speech)

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said

• तम् (tam) - that (that, him)

• ददौ (dadau) - he gave

• पुत्रम् (putram) - son

• राधायै (rādhāyai) - to Rādhā

• सः (saḥ) - he (he, that)

• महीपते (mahīpate) - O king

Words meanings and morphology

अनपत्यस्य (anapatyasya) - of the childless one

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of anapatya

anapatya - childless, without offspring

Compound of 'an-' (negation) + 'apatya' (offspring).

Compound type : nañ-bahuvrīhi (an+apatya)

• an – not, without
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• apatya – offspring, child
  noun (neuter)
  From 'na' (not) + 'pat' (to fall).
  Prefix: a
  Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'mama' (implied: 'of me, the childless one').

पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

From root 'pu' (to purify) + 'tra' (agent suffix).

Root: pu (class 1)

Note: Sandhi form of 'putraḥ'.

अयम् (ayam) - this (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Masculine nominative singular of 'idam'.

Note: Agrees with 'putraḥ'.

देवैः (devaiḥ) - by the gods

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity, divine

From root 'div' (to shine).

Root: div (class 4)

Note: Indicates the agent of the passive participle 'dattaḥ'.

दत्तः (dattaḥ) - given (given, granted)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of datta

datta - given, granted, bestowed

Past Passive Participle

From root 'dā' (to give).

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Sandhi form of 'dattaḥ'. Agrees with 'putraḥ'.

ध्रुवम् (dhruvam) - surely (certainly, surely, fixed, firm)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial use of neuter accusative singular of 'dhruva'. From root 'dhru' (to be firm).

Root: dhru (class 1)

Note: Used adverbially.

मम (mama) - to me (my, to me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Genitive singular of 'asmad'. Often expresses dative meaning ('to me') in such contexts.

Note: Semantic dative.

इति (iti) - thus (thus, so, a particle used to indicate quoted speech)

(indeclinable)

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root 'vac' (to speak), with '-ktvā' suffix. Initial 'v-' becomes 'u-'.

Root: vac (class 2)

तम् (tam) - that (that, him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Masculine accusative singular of 'tad'.

Note: Agrees with 'putram'.

ददौ (dadau) - he gave

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of dā

Perfect third person singular active

Reduplicated perfect form of root 'dā'.

Root: dā (class 3)

पुत्रम् (putram) - son

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

From root 'pu' (to purify) + 'tra' (agent suffix).

Root: pu (class 1)

Note: Direct object of 'dadau'.

राधायै (rādhāyai) - to Rādhā

(proper noun)

Dative, feminine, singular of rādhā

rādhā - Rādhā (proper name), prosperity, success

Feminine noun ending in 'ā'.

Note: Indirect object of 'dadau'.

सः (saḥ) - he (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Masculine nominative singular of 'tad'.

Note: Sandhi form of 'saḥ'. Refers to the charioteer.

महीपते (mahīpate) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahīpati

mahīpati - king, lord of the earth

Compound of 'mahī' (earth) + 'pati' (lord).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī tatpuruṣa (mahī+pati)

• mahī – earth, land
  noun (feminine)
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)

Note: The narrator addressing a king.