महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-27, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
वसत्स्वथ द्वैतवने पाण्डवेषु महात्मसु ।
अनुकीर्णं महारण्यं ब्राह्मणैः समपद्यत ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
vasatsvatha dvaitavane pāṇḍaveṣu mahātmasu ,
anukīrṇaṁ mahāraṇyaṁ brāhmaṇaiḥ samapadyata.

1. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca vasatsu atha dvaitavane pāṇḍaveṣu
mahātmasu anukīrṇam mahāraṇyam brāhmaṇaiḥ samapadyata

1. Vaiśampāyana said: While the great-souled Pāṇḍavas were dwelling in the Dvaita forest, that great forest became densely populated by Brahmins.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - The narrator, Vaiśampāyana (Vaiśampāyana)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• वसत्सु (vasatsu) - while dwelling (referring to the Pāṇḍavas) (dwelling, living, residing)

• अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

• द्वैतवने (dvaitavane) - in the Dvaita forest

• पाण्डवेषु (pāṇḍaveṣu) - among the Pāṇḍavas

• महात्मसु (mahātmasu) - the great-souled Pāṇḍavas (among the great-souled, high-minded)

• अनुकीर्णम् (anukīrṇam) - densely populated, filled with (Brahmins) (scattered, filled with, covered with)

• महारण्यम् (mahāraṇyam) - great forest

• ब्राह्मणैः (brāhmaṇaiḥ) - by Brahmins

• समपद्यत (samapadyata) - became, resulted, occurred

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - The narrator, Vaiśampāyana (Vaiśampāyana)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Name of a sage, a disciple of Vyāsa and narrator of the Mahābhārata

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of uvāca

Perfect Active

From root vac, perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

वसत्सु (vasatsu) - while dwelling (referring to the Pāṇḍavas) (dwelling, living, residing)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of vasat

vasat - dwelling, living

Present Active Participle

From root vas (to dwell) with present participle suffix -at

Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction

अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

(indeclinable)

द्वैतवने (dvaitavane) - in the Dvaita forest

(proper noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of dvaitavana

dvaitavana - Name of a forest, a famous hermitage where the Pāṇḍavas resided during their exile

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvaita+vana)

• dvaita – duality, of two
  noun (neuter)
• vana – forest, wood, grove
  noun (neuter)

पाण्डवेषु (pāṇḍaveṣu) - among the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, the Pāṇḍavas

Patronymic from Pāṇḍu

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction

महात्मसु (mahātmasu) - the great-souled Pāṇḍavas (among the great-souled, high-minded)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, high-minded, noble

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction, modifying 'pāṇḍaveṣu'

अनुकीर्णम् (anukīrṇam) - densely populated, filled with (Brahmins) (scattered, filled with, covered with)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of anukīrṇa

anukīrṇa - scattered, spread, covered, populated

Past Passive Participle

From root kīr (to scatter) with prefix anu-

Prefix: anu

Root: kṛ (class 6)

महारण्यम् (mahāraṇyam) - great forest

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mahāraṇya

mahāraṇya - great forest

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+araṇya)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• araṇya – forest, wilderness
  noun (neuter)

ब्राह्मणैः (brāhmaṇaiḥ) - by Brahmins

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - Brahmin, one belonging to the priestly class, related to (brahman) sacred knowledge

Derived from brahman

समपद्यत (samapadyata) - became, resulted, occurred

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle/passive, past imperfect (laṅ) of sam-pad

Imperfect Middle/Passive

From root pad with prefix sam-, imperfect tense, 3rd person singular

Prefix: sam

Root: pad (class 4)