महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-242, verse-19

धृतराष्ट्रोऽपि राजेन्द्र संवृतः सर्वकौरवैः ।
हर्षेण महता युक्तो विदुरं प्रत्यभाषत ॥१९॥

19. dhṛtarāṣṭro'pi rājendra saṁvṛtaḥ sarvakauravaiḥ ,
harṣeṇa mahatā yukto viduraṁ pratyabhāṣata.

19. dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ api rājendra saṃvṛtaḥ sarvakauravaiḥ
harṣeṇa mahatā yuktaḥ viduram pratyabhāṣata

19. O king of kings, Dhṛtarāṣṭra also, surrounded by all the Kauravas and filled with great joy, spoke in reply to Vidura.

Words meanings summery:

• धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - The blind king, father of the Kauravas. (Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - Often used as a vocative address to a great king, here likely to the listener in the narrative. (O king of kings, O chief of kings)

• संवृतः (saṁvṛtaḥ) - surrounded, covered, encompassed

• सर्वकौरवैः (sarvakauravaiḥ) - Refers to the sons and supporters of Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (by all the Kauravas)

• हर्षेण (harṣeṇa) - with joy, with delight

• महता (mahatā) - great, immense

• युक्तः (yuktaḥ) - endowed with, joined with, connected with

• विदुरम् (viduram) - Refers to Vidura, Dhṛtarāṣṭra's half-brother and a wise counselor. (to Vidura)

• प्रत्यभाषत (pratyabhāṣata) - he replied, he spoke in return

Words meanings and morphology

धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - The blind king, father of the Kauravas. (Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (name of the blind king)

Bahuvrīhi compound: Dhṛta (held/supported) + Rāṣṭra (kingdom). 'He whose kingdom is held.'

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dhṛta+rāṣṭra)

• dhṛta – held, supported, maintained
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root `√dhṛ` (to hold, support) with suffix `kta`.
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• rāṣṭra – kingdom, realm, country
  noun (neuter)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Masculine Nominative Singular.

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle.

राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - Often used as a vocative address to a great king, here likely to the listener in the narrative. (O king of kings, O chief of kings)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājendra

rājendra - king of kings, chief of kings, emperor

Tatpurusha compound: rājan + indra.

Compound type : tatpurusha (rājan+indra)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)
• indra – Indra (name of a deity), chief, best
  noun (masculine)

Note: Masculine Vocative Singular.

संवृतः (saṁvṛtaḥ) - surrounded, covered, encompassed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃvṛta

saṁvṛta - surrounded, covered, concealed, shut

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root `√vṛ` (to cover, enclose) with prefix `sam` and suffix `kta`.

Prefix: sam

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Masculine Nominative Singular, agrees with Dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ.

सर्वकौरवैः (sarvakauravaiḥ) - Refers to the sons and supporters of Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (by all the Kauravas)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sarvakaurava

sarvakaurava - all the Kauravas

Karmadhāraya compound.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sarva+kaurava)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  pronoun (masculine)
• kaurava – descendant of Kuru, a Kaurava
  noun (masculine)
  Patronymic derived from `Kuru`.

Note: Masculine Instrumental Plural.

हर्षेण (harṣeṇa) - with joy, with delight

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of harṣa

harṣa - joy, delight, happiness, exhilaration

Derived from root `√hṛṣ` (to be excited, rejoice).

Root: hṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Masculine Instrumental Singular.

महता (mahatā) - great, immense

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, important, mighty

Note: Masculine Instrumental Singular, agrees with `harṣeṇa`.

युक्तः (yuktaḥ) - endowed with, joined with, connected with

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yukta

yukta - joined, connected, endowed with, engaged in, appropriate

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root `√yuj` (to join, connect) with suffix `kta`.

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Masculine Nominative Singular, agrees with Dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ.

विदुरम् (viduram) - Refers to Vidura, Dhṛtarāṣṭra's half-brother and a wise counselor. (to Vidura)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vidura

vidura - Vidura (name of a wise character in the Mahābhārata)

Note: Masculine Accusative Singular.

प्रत्यभाषत (pratyabhāṣata) - he replied, he spoke in return

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhāṣ

Imperfect (Laṅ)

3rd person singular, middle voice, with upasarga `prati`.

Prefix: prati

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

Note: 3rd person singular imperfect middle of `√bhāṣ` with `prati` as upasarga.