महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-242, verse-11

ततो युधिष्ठिरो राजा तच्छ्रुत्वा दूतभाषितम् ।
अब्रवीन्नृपशार्दूलो दिष्ट्या राजा सुयोधनः ।
यजते क्रतुमुख्येन पूर्वेषां कीर्तिवर्धनः ॥११॥

11. tato yudhiṣṭhiro rājā tacchrutvā dūtabhāṣitam ,
abravīnnṛpaśārdūlo diṣṭyā rājā suyodhanaḥ ,
yajate kratumukhyena pūrveṣāṁ kīrtivardhanaḥ.

11. tataḥ yudhiṣṭhiraḥ rājā tat śrutvā
dūtabhāṣitam abravīt nṛpaśārdūlaḥ
diṣṭyā rājā suyodhanaḥ yajate
kratumukhyena pūrveṣām kīrtivardhanaḥ

11. Then King Yudhiṣṭhira, that tiger among kings, having heard the messenger's words, said, 'Fortunately, King Suyodhana is performing the principal sacrifice (kratu), he who enhances the fame of his ancestors.'

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira

• राजा (rājā) - king

• तत् (tat) - that (referring to the messenger's speech) (that, those)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• दूतभाषितम् (dūtabhāṣitam) - the words spoken by the messenger, messenger's speech

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

• नृपशार्दूलः (nṛpaśārdūlaḥ) - tiger among kings, best of kings

• दिष्ट्या (diṣṭyā) - fortunately, by good luck

• राजा (rājā) - king

• सुयोधनः (suyodhanaḥ) - Suyodhana (Duryodhana's real name)

• यजते (yajate) - performs a sacrifice, worships

• क्रतुमुख्येन (kratumukhyena) - by the principal sacrifice (kratu)

• पूर्वेषाम् (pūrveṣām) - of the ancestors, of the forefathers

• कीर्तिवर्धनः (kīrtivardhanaḥ) - enhancer of fame, increasing glory

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

(indeclinable)

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhiṣṭhira (proper noun, name of the eldest Pāṇḍava)

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king

तत् (tat) - that (referring to the messenger's speech) (that, those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

Note: Refers to the messenger's words (dūtabhāṣitam)

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form of root √śru

Root: śru (class 5)

दूतभाषितम् (dūtabhāṣitam) - the words spoken by the messenger, messenger's speech

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dūtabhāṣita

dūtabhāṣita - messenger's speech, words spoken by a messenger

Compound type : tatpurusha (dūta+bhāṣita)

• dūta – messenger, envoy
  noun (masculine)
• bhāṣita – spoken, said, speech
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √bhāṣ (to speak)
  Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Root: brū (class 2)

नृपशार्दूलः (nṛpaśārdūlaḥ) - tiger among kings, best of kings

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛpaśārdūla

nṛpaśārdūla - tiger among kings, best of kings, paramount ruler

Compound type : tatpurusha (nṛpa+śārdūla)

• nṛpa – king, protector of men
  noun (masculine)
• śārdūla – tiger; chief, eminent
  noun (masculine)

Note: Epithet for Yudhiṣṭhira

दिष्ट्या (diṣṭyā) - fortunately, by good luck

(indeclinable)

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king

सुयोधनः (suyodhanaḥ) - Suyodhana (Duryodhana's real name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suyodhana

suyodhana - Suyodhana (proper name, an epithet of Duryodhana meaning 'good warrior' or 'easy to fight')

Note: An epithet for Duryodhana, often used to indicate respect or formality.

यजते (yajate) - performs a sacrifice, worships

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of yaj

Root: yaj (class 1)

क्रतुमुख्येन (kratumukhyena) - by the principal sacrifice (kratu)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of kratumukhya

kratumukhya - principal sacrifice, foremost sacrifice

Compound type : tatpurusha (kratu+mukhya)

• kratu – sacrifice, ritual
  noun (masculine)
• mukhya – principal, chief, foremost
  adjective (neuter)

पूर्वेषाम् (pūrveṣām) - of the ancestors, of the forefathers

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pūrva

pūrva - former, ancient, previous; ancestors

कीर्तिवर्धनः (kīrtivardhanaḥ) - enhancer of fame, increasing glory

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kīrtivardhana

kīrtivardhana - enhancer of fame, augmenter of glory

Compound type : tatpurusha (kīrti+vardhana)

• kīrti – fame, glory, renown
  noun (feminine)
• vardhana – increasing, augmenting, causing to grow
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root √vṛdh (to grow, increase)
  Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Suyodhanaḥ