महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-193, verse-23

तेन राजन्न शक्नोमि तस्मिन्स्थातुं स्व आश्रमे ।
तं विनाशय राजेन्द्र लोकानां हितकाम्यया ।
लोकाः स्वस्था भवन्त्वद्य तस्मिन्विनिहतेऽसुरे ॥२३॥

23. tena rājanna śaknomi tasminsthātuṁ sva āśrame ,
taṁ vināśaya rājendra lokānāṁ hitakāmyayā ,
lokāḥ svasthā bhavantvadya tasminvinihate'sure.

23. tena rājan na śaknomi tasmin sthātum
sva āśrame tam vināśaya rājendra
lokānām hitakāmyayā lokāḥ svasthāḥ
bhavantu adya tasmin vinihate asure

23. Therefore, O king, I am unable to stay in my own hermitage (āśrama) in that situation. O king of kings, destroy him for the welfare of the people. Let the people be at peace today when that demon (asura) is slain.

Words meanings summery:

• तेन (tena) - by that reason (by that, therefore, with that)

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• न (na) - not, no

• शक्नोमि (śaknomi) - I am able, I can

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that situation/place (in that, in him, in it)

• स्थातुम् (sthātum) - to stand, to stay, to remain

• स्व (sva) - own, my own, his own

• आश्रमे (āśrame) - in the hermitage (āśrama), in the retreat

• तम् (tam) - that demon (him, that)

• विनाशय (vināśaya) - destroy (imperative), cause to perish

• राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O king of kings, O chief of kings

• लोकानाम् (lokānām) - of the people, of the worlds

• हितकाम्यया (hitakāmyayā) - for the desire of welfare, with the desire for good

• लोकाः (lokāḥ) - the people, the worlds

• स्वस्थाः (svasthāḥ) - at peace, unharmed (well, healthy, at ease, self-abiding)

• भवन्तु (bhavantu) - let them be, may they be

• अद्य (adya) - today, now

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - when that (demon) (in that, on that, when that)

• विनिहते (vinihate) - killed, destroyed, slain

• असुरे (asure) - in the demon (asura), when the demon

Words meanings and morphology

तेन (tena) - by that reason (by that, therefore, with that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

शक्नोमि (śaknomi) - I am able, I can

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of śak

Present Active

Root 'śak' (class 5) + 'nu' infix + 'mi' 1st singular active ending

Root: śak (class 5)

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that situation/place (in that, in him, in it)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine/neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

स्थातुम् (sthātum) - to stand, to stay, to remain

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Root 'sthā' (class 1) + suffix 'tumun'

Root: sthā (class 1)

स्व (sva) - own, my own, his own

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of sva

sva - own, one's own, self

Note: Agrees with 'āśrame'

आश्रमे (āśrame) - in the hermitage (āśrama), in the retreat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of āśrama

āśrama - hermitage, retreat, stage of life

Root: śram (class 4)

तम् (tam) - that demon (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

विनाशय (vināśaya) - destroy (imperative), cause to perish

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of nāś

Imperative Active, Causative

Causative stem of root 'naś' (to perish) with prefix 'vi' + imperative 2nd singular active ending

Prefix: vi

Root: naś (class 4)

राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O king of kings, O chief of kings

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājendra

rājendra - king of kings, Indra among kings

Compound type : tatpurusha (rājan+indra)

• rājan – king
  noun (masculine)
• indra – Indra, chief, lord
  noun (masculine)

लोकानाम् (lokānām) - of the people, of the worlds

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of loka

loka - world, realm, people, mankind

हितकाम्यया (hitakāmyayā) - for the desire of welfare, with the desire for good

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of hitakāmyā

hitakāmyā - desire for welfare, wish for good

Compound type : tatpurusha (hita+kāmyā)

• hita – welfare, good, benefit
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Root 'dhā' (to place) + 'kta' (irregular formation)
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• kāmyā – desire, wish
  noun (feminine)
  From root 'kam' (to desire)
  Root: kam (class 1)

लोकाः (lokāḥ) - the people, the worlds

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of loka

loka - world, realm, people, mankind

स्वस्थाः (svasthāḥ) - at peace, unharmed (well, healthy, at ease, self-abiding)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of svastha

svastha - healthy, well, at ease, self-abiding, firm in oneself

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sva+stha)

• sva – own, self
  pronoun/adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
• stha – standing, staying, situated
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun
  From root 'sthā' (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'lokāḥ'

भवन्तु (bhavantu) - let them be, may they be

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperative (loṭ) of bhū

Imperative Active

Root 'bhū' (class 1) + 'antu' 3rd plural active ending

Root: bhū (class 1)

अद्य (adya) - today, now

(indeclinable)

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - when that (demon) (in that, on that, when that)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Used in locative absolute construction with 'vinihate asure'

विनिहते (vinihate) - killed, destroyed, slain

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of vinihata

vinihata - killed, destroyed, slain, struck down

Past Passive Participle

Root 'han' (to strike, kill) with prefixes 'vi' and 'ni' + suffix 'kta'

Prefixes: vi+ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'asure'; part of locative absolute construction

असुरे (asure) - in the demon (asura), when the demon

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of asura

asura - demon, anti-god, mighty being

Note: Part of locative absolute construction