महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-193, verse-22

तस्य निःश्वासवातेन रज उद्धूयते महत् ।
आदित्यपथमावृत्य सप्ताहं भूमिकम्पनम् ।
सविस्फुलिङ्गं सज्वालं सधूमं ह्यतिदारुणम् ॥२२॥

22. tasya niḥśvāsavātena raja uddhūyate mahat ,
ādityapathamāvṛtya saptāhaṁ bhūmikampanam ,
savisphuliṅgaṁ sajvālaṁ sadhūmaṁ hyatidāruṇam.

22. tasya niḥśvāsavātena rajaḥ uddhūyate
mahat ādityapatham āvṛtya
saptāham bhūmikampanam savisphuliṅgam
sajjvālam sadhūmam hi atidāruṇam

22. By the wind of his breath, a great cloud of dust is raised, obscuring the path of the sun. Indeed, for a week there is an extremely terrible earthquake, accompanied by sparks, flames, and smoke.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - of that demon (his, of him, of it)

• निःश्वासवातेन (niḥśvāsavātena) - by the wind from the demon's breath (by the wind of breath, by exhalation's wind)

• रजः (rajaḥ) - dust cloud (dust, dirt, pollen)

• उद्धूयते (uddhūyate) - is raised (referring to the dust) (is raised, is shaken, is agitated)

• महत् (mahat) - great (dust cloud) (great, mighty, large)

• आदित्यपथम् (ādityapatham) - path of the sun, solar path

• आवृत्य (āvṛtya) - having covered, having obstructed, obscuring

• सप्ताहम् (saptāham) - for a week, for seven days

• भूमिकम्पनम् (bhūmikampanam) - earthquake, tremor of the earth

• सविस्फुलिङ्गम् (savisphuliṅgam) - with sparks, accompanied by sparks

• सज्ज्वालम् (sajjvālam) - with flames, accompanied by flames

• सधूमम् (sadhūmam) - with smoke, smoky

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• अतिदारुणम् (atidāruṇam) - very terrible, extremely dreadful, formidable

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - of that demon (his, of him, of it)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine/neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

निःश्वासवातेन (niḥśvāsavātena) - by the wind from the demon's breath (by the wind of breath, by exhalation's wind)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of niḥśvāsavāta

niḥśvāsavāta - wind of breath, exhalation's wind

Compound type : tatpurusha (niḥśvāsa+vāta)

• niḥśvāsa – exhalation, breath
  noun (masculine)
  From root śvas (to breathe) with prefix nis (out)
  Prefix: nis
  Root: śvas (class 2)
• vāta – wind, air
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vā (class 2)

रजः (rajaḥ) - dust cloud (dust, dirt, pollen)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rajas

rajas - dust, dirt, impurity, passion, rajas (one of the three guṇas)

उद्धूयते (uddhūyate) - is raised (referring to the dust) (is raised, is shaken, is agitated)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of dhū

Present Passive

Root 'dhū' (class 1 or 9) + prefix 'ud' + 'ya' passive marker + 'te' 3rd singular middle ending

Prefix: ud

Root: dhū (class 1)

महत् (mahat) - great (dust cloud) (great, mighty, large)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, considerable

Note: Agrees with 'rajaḥ'

आदित्यपथम् (ādityapatham) - path of the sun, solar path

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ādityapatha

ādityapatha - path of the sun, solar path, ecliptic

Compound type : tatpurusha (āditya+patha)

• āditya – sun, son of Aditi
  noun (masculine)
• patha – path, road, way
  noun (masculine)

आवृत्य (āvṛtya) - having covered, having obstructed, obscuring

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Root 'vṛ' (to cover) with prefix 'ā' + suffix 'lyap'

Prefix: ā

Root: vṛ (class 5)

सप्ताहम् (saptāham) - for a week, for seven days

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of saptāha

saptāha - week, period of seven days

Compound type : dvigu (sapta+aha)

• sapta – seven
  numeral
• aha – day
  noun (neuter)

Note: Denotes duration

भूमिकम्पनम् (bhūmikampanam) - earthquake, tremor of the earth

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhūmikampana

bhūmikampana - earthquake, shaking of the earth

Compound type : tatpurusha (bhūmi+kampana)

• bhūmi – earth, ground, land
  noun (feminine)
• kampana – shaking, trembling, quivering
  noun (neuter)
  action noun
  From root 'kamp' (to tremble) + 'ana' suffix
  Root: kamp (class 1)

सविस्फुलिङ्गम् (savisphuliṅgam) - with sparks, accompanied by sparks

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of savisphuliṅga

savisphuliṅga - having sparks, accompanied by sparks

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+visphuliṅga)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
• visphuliṅga – spark, fiery particle
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'bhūmikampanam'

सज्ज्वालम् (sajjvālam) - with flames, accompanied by flames

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sajjvāla

sajjvāla - having flames, blazing

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+jvāla)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
• jvāla – flame, blaze
  noun (masculine)
  Root: jval (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'bhūmikampanam'

सधूमम् (sadhūmam) - with smoke, smoky

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sadhūma

sadhūma - having smoke, smoky

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+dhūma)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
• dhūma – smoke, vapor
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhū (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'bhūmikampanam'

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

अतिदारुणम् (atidāruṇam) - very terrible, extremely dreadful, formidable

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of atidāruṇa

atidāruṇa - very terrible, extremely dreadful, very cruel

Compound type : pra-adi (ati+dāruṇa)

• ati – very, exceedingly, over
  indeclinable
• dāruṇa – terrible, dreadful, cruel
  adjective (masculine/neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'bhūmikampanam'