महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-184, verse-9

धेनुं दत्त्वा सुव्रतां साधुदोहां कल्याणवत्सामपलायिनीं च ।
यावन्ति रोमाणि भवन्ति तस्यास्तावद्वर्षाण्यश्नुते स्वर्गलोकम् ॥९॥

9. dhenuṁ dattvā suvratāṁ sādhudohāṁ; kalyāṇavatsāmapalāyinīṁ ca ,
yāvanti romāṇi bhavanti tasyā;stāvadvarṣāṇyaśnute svargalokam.

9. dhenum dattvā suvratām sādhudohām
kalyāṇavatsām apalāyinīm ca
yāvanti romāṇi bhavanti tasyāḥ
tāvat varṣāṇi aśnute svargalokam

9. By donating (dāna) a well-behaved cow, one that is easy to milk, has an auspicious calf, and does not run away, one obtains the heavenly realm for as many years as there are hairs on that cow.

Words meanings summery:

• धेनुम् (dhenum) - cow

• दत्त्वा (dattvā) - having given, by giving, by donating

• सुव्रताम् (suvratām) - a well-behaved (cow) (well-behaved, virtuous, disciplined)

• साधुदोहाम् (sādhudohām) - easy to milk, yielding much milk

• कल्याणवत्साम् (kalyāṇavatsām) - having an auspicious calf

• अपलायिनीम् (apalāyinīm) - a cow that does not run away (not fleeing, not running away, steadfast)

• च (ca) - and, also

• यावन्ति (yāvanti) - as many as

• रोमाणि (romāṇi) - hairs, body hair

• भवन्ति (bhavanti) - they are, they become, exist

• तस्याः (tasyāḥ) - of that (cow) (of her, of that (feminine))

• तावत् (tāvat) - so many (years) (so much, so many, for so long)

• वर्षाणि (varṣāṇi) - years

• अश्नुते (aśnute) - one obtains, one enjoys, one reaches

• स्वर्गलोकम् (svargalokam) - heavenly world, paradise

Words meanings and morphology

धेनुम् (dhenum) - cow

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dhenu

dhenu - cow, milch cow

दत्त्वा (dattvā) - having given, by giving, by donating

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Root dā + tvā suffix

Root: dā (class 3)

सुव्रताम् (suvratām) - a well-behaved (cow) (well-behaved, virtuous, disciplined)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of suvrata

suvrata - of good vows, well-behaved, virtuous

Compound type : bahuvrihi (su+vrata)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• vrata – vow, sacred observance, religious duty
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'dhenum'.

साधुदोहाम् (sādhudohām) - easy to milk, yielding much milk

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sādhudohā

sādhudohā - easy to milk, yielding good milk

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sādhu+doha)

• sādhu – good, proper, excellent
  adjective (masculine)
• doha – milking, yielding milk
  noun (masculine)
  From root duh (to milk)
  Root: duh (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'dhenum'.

कल्याणवत्साम् (kalyāṇavatsām) - having an auspicious calf

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kalyāṇavatsā

kalyāṇavatsā - having an auspicious calf

Compound type : bahuvrihi (kalyāṇa+vatsa)

• kalyāṇa – auspicious, felicitous, fortunate
  adjective (neuter)
• vatsa – calf, offspring
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'dhenum'.

अपलायिनीम् (apalāyinīm) - a cow that does not run away (not fleeing, not running away, steadfast)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of apalāyinī

apalāyinī - not fleeing, not running away

Negative Agent Noun/Adjective

Derived from a (negation) + palāyin (fleeing), which is from root palāy (to flee)

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+palāyin)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• palāyin – fleeing, running away
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun/Adjective
  From root palāy (to flee) + in suffix
  Prefix: pra
  Root: palāy (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'dhenum'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

यावन्ति (yāvanti) - as many as

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of yāvat

yāvat - as much, as many, as long as

Note: Agrees with 'romāṇi'.

रोमाणि (romāṇi) - hairs, body hair

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of roman

roman - hair (on the body), body hair

भवन्ति (bhavanti) - they are, they become, exist

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of bhū

Present Active

Root bhū (class 1, P) + anti

Root: bhū (class 1)

तस्याः (tasyāḥ) - of that (cow) (of her, of that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'dhenu'.

तावत् (tāvat) - so many (years) (so much, so many, for so long)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tāvat

tāvat - so much, so many, so long, until then

Note: Used here adjectivally to quantify 'varṣāṇi'.

वर्षाणि (varṣāṇi) - years

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of varṣa

varṣa - year, rain, rainy season

Note: Duration of time is often expressed in accusative.

अश्नुते (aśnute) - one obtains, one enjoys, one reaches

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of aś

Present Middle

Root aś (class 5, Ā) + nute

Root: aś (class 5)

स्वर्गलोकम् (svargalokam) - heavenly world, paradise

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of svargaloka

svargaloka - heavenly world

Compound type : tatpurusha (svarga+loka)

• svarga – heaven, paradise
  noun (masculine)
• loka – world, realm, people
  noun (masculine)