महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-184, verse-21

तार्क्ष्य उवाच ।
इदं श्रेयः परमं मन्यमाना व्यायच्छन्ते मुनयः संप्रतीताः ।
आचक्ष्व मे तं परमं विशोकं मोक्षं परं यं प्रविशन्ति धीराः ॥२१॥

21. tārkṣya uvāca ,
idaṁ śreyaḥ paramaṁ manyamānā; vyāyacchante munayaḥ saṁpratītāḥ ,
ācakṣva me taṁ paramaṁ viśokaṁ; mokṣaṁ paraṁ yaṁ praviśanti dhīrāḥ.

21. tārkṣyaḥ uvāca idam śreyaḥ paramam
manyamānāḥ vyāyacchante munayaḥ
sampratītāḥ ācakṣva me tam paramam viśokam
mokṣam param yam praviśanti dhīrāḥ

21. Tārkṣya said: "The sages, considering this to be the supreme good, strive (for it). Please describe to me that supreme, sorrowless liberation (mokṣa), that ultimate state which the steadfast wise ones attain."

Words meanings summery:

• तार्क्ष्यः (tārkṣyaḥ) - Tārkṣya (a name of Garuḍa)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• इदम् (idam) - this

• श्रेयः (śreyaḥ) - supreme good, excellence, welfare

• परमम् (paramam) - supreme, highest, ultimate

• मन्यमानाः (manyamānāḥ) - considering, thinking, believing

• व्यायच्छन्ते (vyāyacchante) - they strive, they endeavor

• मुनयः (munayaḥ) - sages, ascetics, silent ones

• सम्प्रतीताः (sampratītāḥ) - well-convinced, understood, satisfied, assented to

• आचक्ष्व (ācakṣva) - tell, describe, relate

• मे (me) - to me, for me (dative/genitive of 'aham')

• तम् (tam) - that (masculine)

• परमम् (paramam) - supreme, highest, ultimate

• विशोकम् (viśokam) - sorrowless, free from grief

• मोक्षम् (mokṣam) - liberation (mokṣa), emancipation

• परम् (param) - supreme, highest

• यम् (yam) - which (relative pronoun, masculine)

• प्रविशन्ति (praviśanti) - they enter, they attain

• धीराः (dhīrāḥ) - the wise, the steadfast, the resolute

Words meanings and morphology

तार्क्ष्यः (tārkṣyaḥ) - Tārkṣya (a name of Garuḍa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tārkṣya

tārkṣya - Tārkṣya (a mythical bird, often identified with Garuḍa)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of idam

idam - this (proximate demonstrative pronoun)

श्रेयः (śreyaḥ) - supreme good, excellence, welfare

(noun)

neuter, singular of śreyas

śreyas - better, superior, most excellent, supreme good, welfare

परमम् (paramam) - supreme, highest, ultimate

(adjective)

neuter, singular of parama

parama - supreme, highest, chief, excellent, ultimate

मन्यमानाः (manyamānāḥ) - considering, thinking, believing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of manyamāna

manyamāna - thinking, considering, believing

Present Middle Participle

Derived from root `man` (to think) + `śānac` (middle participle suffix).

Root: man (class 4)

व्यायच्छन्ते (vyāyacchante) - they strive, they endeavor

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (lat) of vyāyacch

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: yam (class 1)

मुनयः (munayaḥ) - sages, ascetics, silent ones

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, hermit, silent one

सम्प्रतीताः (sampratītāḥ) - well-convinced, understood, satisfied, assented to

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sampratīta

sampratīta - well-known, assented to, convinced, satisfied

Past Passive Participle

Derived from `sam-prati-i` (to go towards, to understand) + `kta` (past participle suffix).

Prefixes: sam+prati

Root: i (class 2)

आचक्ष्व (ācakṣva) - tell, describe, relate

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of cakṣ

Root: cakṣ (class 2)

मे (me) - to me, for me (dative/genitive of 'aham')

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of mad

mad - I, me (pronoun stem)

तम् (tam) - that (masculine)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, it (demonstrative pronoun)

परमम् (paramam) - supreme, highest, ultimate

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of parama

parama - supreme, highest, chief, excellent, ultimate

विशोकम् (viśokam) - sorrowless, free from grief

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of viśoka

viśoka - sorrowless, free from grief or pain

मोक्षम् (mokṣam) - liberation (mokṣa), emancipation

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mokṣa

mokṣa - liberation, emancipation, freedom from transmigration (saṃsāra)

Derived from root `muc` (to release) + `ghañ` (kṛt suffix).

Root: muc (class 6)

परम् (param) - supreme, highest

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of para

para - supreme, highest, ultimate, distant, other

यम् (yam) - which (relative pronoun, masculine)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who (relative pronoun)

प्रविशन्ति (praviśanti) - they enter, they attain

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of viś

Root: viś (class 6)

धीराः (dhīrāḥ) - the wise, the steadfast, the resolute

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dhīra

dhīra - wise, steady, firm, resolute, brave