महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-184, verse-2

तार्क्ष्य उवाच ।
किं नु श्रेयः पुरुषस्येह भद्रे कथं कुर्वन्न च्यवते स्वधर्मात् ।
आचक्ष्व मे चारुसर्वाङ्गि सर्वं त्वयानुशिष्टो न च्यवेयं स्वधर्मात् ॥२॥

2. tārkṣya uvāca ,
kiṁ nu śreyaḥ puruṣasyeha bhadre; kathaṁ kurvanna cyavate svadharmāt ,
ācakṣva me cārusarvāṅgi sarvaṁ; tvayānuśiṣṭo na cyaveyaṁ svadharmāt.

2. tārkṣyaḥ uvāca kim nu śreyaḥ puruṣasya
iha bhadre katham kurvan na cyavate
svadharmāt ācakṣva me cārusarvāṅgi sarvam
tvayā anuśiṣṭaḥ na cyaveyam svadharmāt

2. Tārkṣya said: 'O auspicious one with beautiful limbs, what indeed is truly beneficial for a person in this world? How should one act so that one does not deviate from one's own intrinsic nature (svadharma)? Tell me everything, so that, being instructed by you, I may not deviate from my own intrinsic nature (svadharma).'

Words meanings summery:

• तार्क्ष्यः (tārkṣyaḥ) - Tārkṣya (a name, often associated with Garuḍa or a sage)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• किम् (kim) - what, which

• नु (nu) - indeed, then, now, surely

• श्रेयः (śreyaḥ) - what is beneficial (good, welfare, prosperity, benefit)

• पुरुषस्य (puruṣasya) - of a man, of a person, of the cosmic person (puruṣa)

• इह (iha) - here, in this world, in this case

• भद्रे (bhadre) - Referring to Sarasvatī. (O auspicious one, O blessed one)

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• कुर्वन् (kurvan) - doing, making, performing, acting

• न (na) - not, no

• च्यवते (cyavate) - one deviates, falls away, stirs

• स्वधर्मात् (svadharmāt) - from one's own natural law, from one's duty

• आचक्ष्व (ācakṣva) - tell, relate, explain

• मे (me) - to me (to me, for me, my)

• चारुसर्वाङ्गि (cārusarvāṅgi) - Referring to Sarasvatī. (O one with beautiful limbs/body)

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, everything, whole

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• अनुशिष्टः (anuśiṣṭaḥ) - instructed, taught, disciplined

• न (na) - not, no

• च्यवेयम् (cyaveyam) - may I deviate, may I fall away

• स्वधर्मात् (svadharmāt) - from one's own natural law, from one's duty

Words meanings and morphology

तार्क्ष्यः (tārkṣyaḥ) - Tārkṣya (a name, often associated with Garuḍa or a sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tārkṣya

tārkṣya - Tārkṣya (a name, often associated with Garuḍa or a sage)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect

Perfect, 3rd person singular, active voice of root vac.

Root: vac (class 2)

किम् (kim) - what, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ka

ka - who, what, which

नु (nu) - indeed, then, now, surely

(indeclinable)

श्रेयः (śreyaḥ) - what is beneficial (good, welfare, prosperity, benefit)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śreyas

śreyas - good, welfare, prosperity, superior, better

Comparative form of praśasya (excellent).

पुरुषस्य (puruṣasya) - of a man, of a person, of the cosmic person (puruṣa)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, person, male, the supreme cosmic person

इह (iha) - here, in this world, in this case

(indeclinable)

भद्रे (bhadre) - Referring to Sarasvatī. (O auspicious one, O blessed one)

(adjective)

Vocative, feminine, singular of bhadrā

bhadrā - auspicious, fortunate, blessed (feminine)

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

कुर्वन् (kurvan) - doing, making, performing, acting

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kurvat

kurvat - doing, making, performing

Present Active Participle

Derived from root kṛ (to do).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

च्यवते (cyavate) - one deviates, falls away, stirs

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of cyu

Present

Present, 3rd person singular, middle voice of root cyu.

Root: cyu (class 1)

स्वधर्मात् (svadharmāt) - from one's own natural law, from one's duty

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of svadharma

svadharma - one's own natural law, duty, intrinsic nature

Compound: sva (own) + dharma.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+dharma)

• sva – own, self
  pronoun (masculine)
• dharma – natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)

आचक्ष्व (ācakṣva) - tell, relate, explain

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of ācakṣ

Imperative

Imperative, 2nd person singular, middle voice of root cakṣ with upasarga ā.

Prefix: ā

Root: cakṣ (class 2)

मे (me) - to me (to me, for me, my)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of mad

mad - I, me

Enclitic form of asmad (I).

चारुसर्वाङ्गि (cārusarvāṅgi) - Referring to Sarasvatī. (O one with beautiful limbs/body)

(adjective)

Vocative, feminine, singular of cārusarvāṅgī

cārusarvāṅgī - having beautiful limbs, beautiful-bodied (feminine)

Compound: cāru (beautiful) + sarva (all) + aṅga (limb).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (cāru+sarva+aṅga)

• cāru – beautiful, lovely, charming
  adjective (neuter)
• sarva – all, whole, entire
  pronoun (masculine)
• aṅga – limb, body part, body
  noun (neuter)

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, everything, whole

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

अनुशिष्टः (anuśiṣṭaḥ) - instructed, taught, disciplined

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anuśiṣṭa

anuśiṣṭa - instructed, taught, advised

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root śās with upasarga anu.

Prefix: anu

Root: śās (class 2)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

च्यवेयम् (cyaveyam) - may I deviate, may I fall away

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of cyu

Optative

Optative, 1st person singular, active voice of root cyu.

Root: cyu (class 1)

स्वधर्मात् (svadharmāt) - from one's own natural law, from one's duty

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of svadharma

svadharma - one's own natural law, duty, intrinsic nature

Compound: sva (own) + dharma.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+dharma)

• sva – own, self
  pronoun (masculine)
• dharma – natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)