महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-174, verse-23

प्लक्षाक्षरौहीतकवेतसाश्च स्नुहा बदर्यः खदिराः शिरीषाः ।
बिल्वेङ्गुदाः पीलुशमीकरीराः सरस्वतीतीररुहा बभूवुः ॥२३॥

23. plakṣākṣarauhītakavetasāśca; snuhā badaryaḥ khadirāḥ śirīṣāḥ ,
bilveṅgudāḥ pīluśamīkarīrāḥ; sarasvatītīraruhā babhūvuḥ.

23. plakṣākṣarauhītakavetasāḥ ca snuhāḥ badaryaḥ khadirāḥ śirīṣāḥ
bilveṅgudāḥ pīluśamīkarīrāḥ sarasvatītīraruhāḥ babhūvuḥ

23. Fig trees, Vibhitaka trees, Rohītaka trees, and canes; spurge plants, Jujube trees, Catechu trees, Siris trees; Bael trees, Inguda trees, Pilu trees, Shami trees, and Karira trees — these grew on the banks of the Sarasvatī river.

Words meanings summery:

• प्लक्षाक्षरौहीतकवेतसाः (plakṣākṣarauhītakavetasāḥ) - Fig trees, Vibhitaka trees, Rohītaka trees, and canes

• च (ca) - and, also

• स्नुहाः (snuhāḥ) - spurge plants (Euphorbia)

• बदर्यः (badaryaḥ) - Jujube trees

• खदिराः (khadirāḥ) - Catechu trees

• शिरीषाः (śirīṣāḥ) - Siris trees

• बिल्वेङ्गुदाः (bilveṅgudāḥ) - Bael trees and Inguda trees

• पीलुशमीकरीराः (pīluśamīkarīrāḥ) - Pilu trees, Shami trees, and Karira trees

• सरस्वतीतीररुहाः (sarasvatītīraruhāḥ) - plants and trees growing on the banks of the Sarasvatī river (growing on the banks of the Sarasvatī)

• बभूवुः (babhūvuḥ) - they were, they became, they arose

Words meanings and morphology

प्लक्षाक्षरौहीतकवेतसाः (plakṣākṣarauhītakavetasāḥ) - Fig trees, Vibhitaka trees, Rohītaka trees, and canes

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of plakṣākṣarauhītakavetasa

plakṣākṣarauhītakavetasa - a list of trees: Fig (Plakṣa), Vibhitaka (Akṣa), Rohītaka, and Cane (Vetasa)

Compound type : dvandva (plakṣa+akṣa+rohītaka+vetasa)

• plakṣa – the holy fig tree, Ficus infectoria
  noun (masculine)
• akṣa – the Vibhitaka tree, Terminalia Bellerica
  noun (masculine)
• rohītaka – the Rohītaka tree, Tecoma undulata
  noun (masculine)
• vetasa – cane, rattan, Calamus rotang
  noun (masculine)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

स्नुहाः (snuhāḥ) - spurge plants (Euphorbia)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of snuhā

snuhā - spurge plant, Euphorbia antiquorum or neriifolia

Note: Interpreted as plural based on context of other plural tree names, despite literal Devanagari showing singular form (स्नुहा).

बदर्यः (badaryaḥ) - Jujube trees

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of badarī

badarī - Jujube tree, Zizyphus jujuba

खदिराः (khadirāḥ) - Catechu trees

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of khadira

khadira - Catechu tree, Acacia catechu

शिरीषाः (śirīṣāḥ) - Siris trees

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śirīṣa

śirīṣa - Siris tree, Albizia lebbeck

बिल्वेङ्गुदाः (bilveṅgudāḥ) - Bael trees and Inguda trees

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bilveṅguda

bilveṅguda - Bael (Bilva) and Inguda (tree species)

Compound type : dvandva (bilva+iṅguda)

• bilva – the Bael tree, Aegle marmelos
  noun (masculine)
• iṅguda – the Inguda tree, Balanites roxburghii
  noun (masculine)

पीलुशमीकरीराः (pīluśamīkarīrāḥ) - Pilu trees, Shami trees, and Karira trees

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pīluśamīkarīra

pīluśamīkarīra - a list of trees: Pilu, Shami, and Karira

Compound type : dvandva (pīlu+śamī+karīra)

• pīlu – the Pilu tree, Salvadora persica
  noun (masculine)
• śamī – the Shami tree, Prosopis cineraria
  noun (feminine)
• karīra – the Karira tree, Capparis aphylla
  noun (masculine)

सरस्वतीतीररुहाः (sarasvatītīraruhāḥ) - plants and trees growing on the banks of the Sarasvatī river (growing on the banks of the Sarasvatī)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarasvatītīraruha

sarasvatītīraruha - growing on the banks of the Sarasvatī

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarasvatī+tīra+ruha)

• sarasvatī – Sarasvatī river
  proper noun (feminine)
• tīra – bank, shore, edge
  noun (neuter)
• ruha – growing, rising, a plant or tree
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'ruh'
  Agent noun from root 'ruh' (to grow).
  Root: ruh (class 1)

Note: Interpreted as plural based on context of other plural tree names, despite literal Devanagari showing singular-like form (ruhā).

बभूवुः (babhūvuḥ) - they were, they became, they arose

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of bhū

Perfect tense (lit)

Derived from root 'bhū'.

Root: bhū (class 1)