महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-174, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
नगोत्तमं प्रस्रवणैरुपेतं दिशां गजैः किंनरपक्षिभिश्च ।
सुखं निवासं जहतां हि तेषां न प्रीतिरासीद्भरतर्षभाणाम् ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
nagottamaṁ prasravaṇairupetaṁ; diśāṁ gajaiḥ kiṁnarapakṣibhiśca ,
sukhaṁ nivāsaṁ jahatāṁ hi teṣāṁ; na prītirāsīdbharatarṣabhāṇām.

1. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca naga-uttamaṃ
prasravaṇaiḥ upetaṃ diśāṃ gajaiḥ
kiṃnara-pakṣibhiḥ ca sukhaṃ nivāsaṃ jahatāṃ hi
teṣāṃ na prītiḥ āsīt bharata-ṛṣabhāṇām

1. Vaiśaṃpāyana said: Indeed, as the foremost among the Bharatas (Pāṇḍavas) were abandoning that excellent mountain—a delightful dwelling adorned with springs and inhabited by the elephants of the quarters, Kinnaras, and birds—they felt no joy.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśaṃpāyana (Vaiśaṃpāyana (name of a sage, narrator of Mahabharata))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

• नग-उत्तमं (naga-uttamaṁ) - excellent mountain (best of mountains, chief mountain)

• प्रस्रवणैः (prasravaṇaiḥ) - with waterfalls (by waterfalls, by springs)

• उपेतं (upetaṁ) - adorned with (endowed with, accompanied by, approached by)

• दिशां (diśāṁ) - of the quarters (of the directions, of the quarters)

• गजैः (gajaiḥ) - by elephants

• किंनर-पक्षिभिः (kiṁnara-pakṣibhiḥ) - by Kinnaras and birds

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• सुखं (sukhaṁ) - delightful (pleasant, happy, easy (as an adjective); happily, easily (as an adverb))

• निवासं (nivāsaṁ) - dwelling (dwelling, abode, residence)

• जहतां (jahatāṁ) - as they were abandoning (of those abandoning, leaving)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for)

• तेषां (teṣāṁ) - for those (Bharatas) (their, of them)

• न (na) - no (not, no)

• प्रीतिः (prītiḥ) - joy (pleasure, joy, love, satisfaction)

• आसीत् (āsīt) - was (was, existed)

• भरत-ऋषभाणाम् (bharata-ṛṣabhāṇām) - of the foremost among the Bharatas (Pāṇḍavas) (of the bulls of Bharatas, of the best of Bharatas)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśaṃpāyana (Vaiśaṃpāyana (name of a sage, narrator of Mahabharata))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - name of a sage, disciple of Vyāsa

Note: Subject of uvāca.

उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense form of root vac

Root: vac (class 2)

नग-उत्तमं (naga-uttamaṁ) - excellent mountain (best of mountains, chief mountain)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of naga-uttama

naga-uttama - best of mountains

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (naga+uttama)

• naga – mountain, tree
  noun (masculine)
• uttama – highest, best, chief
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: ud

Note: Object of jahatām, describing the nivāsaṃ.

प्रस्रवणैः (prasravaṇaiḥ) - with waterfalls (by waterfalls, by springs)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of prasravaṇa

prasravaṇa - waterfall, spring, stream

Derived from root sru with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: sru (class 1)

Note: Used with upetaṃ.

उपेतं (upetaṁ) - adorned with (endowed with, accompanied by, approached by)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of upeta

upeta - endowed with, joined, approached

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root i with prefix upa

Prefix: upa

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Modifies nagottamaṃ.

दिशां (diśāṁ) - of the quarters (of the directions, of the quarters)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of diś

diś - direction, quarter of the sky

Root: diś (class 6)

Note: Possessive case for gajaiḥ.

गजैः (gajaiḥ) - by elephants

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of gaja

gaja - elephant

Note: Used with upetaṃ (implicit).

किंनर-पक्षिभिः (kiṁnara-pakṣibhiḥ) - by Kinnaras and birds

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kiṃnara-pakṣin

kiṁnara-pakṣin - Kinnaras and birds

Compound type : Dvanda (kiṃnara+pakṣin)

• kiṃnara – mythical being, half-man half-horse/bird
  noun (masculine)
• pakṣin – bird
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used with upetaṃ (implicit).

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

सुखं (sukhaṁ) - delightful (pleasant, happy, easy (as an adjective); happily, easily (as an adverb))

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sukha

sukha - joy, happiness, pleasure, pleasant

Note: Agrees with nivāsaṃ.

निवासं (nivāsaṁ) - dwelling (dwelling, abode, residence)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nivāsa

nivāsa - dwelling, abode, residence, habitation

Prefix: ni

Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Object of jahatām.

जहतां (jahatāṁ) - as they were abandoning (of those abandoning, leaving)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of jahat

jahat - abandoning, leaving, giving up

Present Participle (Active)

Derived from root hā (third class, reduplicated form jahāti)

Root: hā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with teṣāṃ and bharatarṣabhāṇām.

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

तेषां (teṣāṁ) - for those (Bharatas) (their, of them)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the Bharatas (Pāṇḍavas).

न (na) - no (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates prītiḥ āsīt.

प्रीतिः (prītiḥ) - joy (pleasure, joy, love, satisfaction)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of prīti

prīti - pleasure, joy, love, satisfaction

Derived from root prī

Root: prī (class 9)

Note: Subject of āsīt.

आसीत् (āsīt) - was (was, existed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

Imperfect tense form of root as

Root: as (class 2)

भरत-ऋषभाणाम् (bharata-ṛṣabhāṇām) - of the foremost among the Bharatas (Pāṇḍavas) (of the bulls of Bharatas, of the best of Bharatas)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of bharata-ṛṣabha

bharata-ṛṣabha - bull of Bharatas, best of Bharatas

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – name of a king, a descendant of Bharata
  proper noun (masculine)
  Root: bhṛ (class 1)
• ṛṣabha – bull, chief, best
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ṛṣabh

Note: Refers to the Pāṇḍavas, connected to teṣāṃ and jahatām.