महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-172, verse-17

तस्मिंस्तु तुमुले काले नारदः सुरचोदितः ।
आगम्याह वचः पार्थं श्रवणीयमिदं नृप ॥१७॥

17. tasmiṁstu tumule kāle nāradaḥ suracoditaḥ ,
āgamyāha vacaḥ pārthaṁ śravaṇīyamidaṁ nṛpa.

17. tasmin tu tumule kāle nāradaḥ suracoditaḥ
āgamya āha vacaḥ pārtham śravaṇīyam idam nṛpa

17. But, O king, at that tumultuous time, Nārada, impelled by the gods, approached and spoke these words, which were worthy of being heard, to Pārtha (Arjuna).

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (in that, on that)

• तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, on the other hand)

• तुमुले (tumule) - tumultuous (tumultuous, agitated, great, terrible)

• काले (kāle) - at that time (in time, at the proper time, at a specific time)

• नारदः (nāradaḥ) - Nārada (Narada (name of a divine sage))

• सुरचोदितः (suracoditaḥ) - impelled by the gods (impelled by gods, urged by deities)

• आगम्य (āgamya) - having approached (having come, approaching)

• आह (āha) - spoke (said, spoke)

• वचः (vacaḥ) - words (word, speech, utterance)

• पार्थम् (pārtham) - to Pārtha (Arjuna) (to Partha, to Arjuna (son of Pritha/Kunti))

• श्रवणीयम् (śravaṇīyam) - worthy of being heard (to be heard, audible, worthy of being heard)

• इदम् (idam) - these (words) (this, this here)

• नृप (nṛpa) - O king

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (in that, on that)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that

Note: Agrees with 'kāle' and 'tumule'

तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

तुमुले (tumule) - tumultuous (tumultuous, agitated, great, terrible)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of tumula

tumula - tumultuous, agitated, great, terrible

Note: Agrees with 'kāle'

काले (kāle) - at that time (in time, at the proper time, at a specific time)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, period, appropriate moment

Note: Locative of time.

नारदः (nāradaḥ) - Nārada (Narada (name of a divine sage))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nārada

nārada - name of a divine sage

Note: Subject of 'āha'

सुरचोदितः (suracoditaḥ) - impelled by the gods (impelled by gods, urged by deities)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suracodita

suracodita - impelled by gods, urged by deities

Past Passive Participle

Compound: sura (god) + codita (impelled, p.p. of cud 'to urge')

Compound type : tatpurusha (sura+codita)

• sura – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• codita – impelled, urged, sent
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of root cud (to urge, impel)
  Root: cud (class 10)

Note: Qualifies 'nāradaḥ'

आगम्य (āgamya) - having approached (having come, approaching)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

from root gam (to go) with upasarga ā, with -ya suffix

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Gerund/Absolutive.

आह (āha) - spoke (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of ah

perfect

from root ah (to say), irregular perfect

Root: ah (class 2)

वचः (vacaḥ) - words (word, speech, utterance)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, utterance

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'āha'

पार्थम् (pārtham) - to Pārtha (Arjuna) (to Partha, to Arjuna (son of Pritha/Kunti))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pritha, Arjuna

From Pṛthā (Kunti) with suffix -a

Note: Object of direction for the speech.

श्रवणीयम् (śravaṇīyam) - worthy of being heard (to be heard, audible, worthy of being heard)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śravaṇīya

śravaṇīya - to be heard, audible, worthy of being heard

Gerundive

Gerundive (karmaṇi kṛtya) from root śru (to hear) with anīya suffix

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Qualifies 'vacaḥ'

इदम् (idam) - these (words) (this, this here)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this here

Note: Qualifies 'vacaḥ'

नृप (nṛpa) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler

Note: Vocative case, addressing Dhritarashtra.