महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-150, verse-16

गते तस्मिन्हरिवरे भीमोऽपि बलिनां वरः ।
तेन मार्गेण विपुलं व्यचरद्गन्धमादनम् ॥१६॥

16. gate tasminharivare bhīmo'pi balināṁ varaḥ ,
tena mārgeṇa vipulaṁ vyacaradgandhamādanam.

16. gate tasmin harivare bhīmaḥ api balinām varaḥ
tena mārgeṇa vipulam vyacarat gandhamādanam

16. When that foremost of monkeys (Hanuman) had departed, Bhima, who was also the best among the strong, traversed the extensive Gandhamādana mountain by that very path.

Words meanings summery:

• गते (gate) - had departed (having gone, departed)

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - that (in that, on that, to that)

• हरिवरे (harivare) - foremost of monkeys (Hanuman) (in the best of monkeys, chief of monkeys)

• भीमः (bhīmaḥ) - Bhima

• अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

• बलिनाम् (balinām) - among the strong (of the strong, of the powerful)

• वरः (varaḥ) - the best (best, chief, excellent)

• तेन (tena) - by that very (by that, through that)

• मार्गेण (mārgeṇa) - by that path (by the path, through the way)

• विपुलम् (vipulam) - extensive (vast, extensive, large, wide)

• व्यचरत् (vyacarat) - traversed (wandered, traveled, roamed)

• गन्धमादनम् (gandhamādanam) - Gandhamādana (a mythical mountain)

Words meanings and morphology

गते (gate) - had departed (having gone, departed)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, departed, arrived at, reached

Past Passive Participle

From root gam- (to go), used in a locative absolute construction.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Part of the locative absolute construction 'tasmin harivare gate' (when the chief of monkeys had gone).

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - that (in that, on that, to that)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Locative singular masculine form of 'tad' (that).

हरिवरे (harivare) - foremost of monkeys (Hanuman) (in the best of monkeys, chief of monkeys)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of harivara

harivara - best of monkeys, chief monkey, excellent monkey

Compound of hari (monkey) and vara (best, chief).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (hari+vara)

• hari – monkey, tawny, lion, Viṣṇu
  noun (masculine)
• vara – best, chief, excellent, boon, bridegroom
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: vṛ (class 9)

Note: Refers to Hanuman, part of the locative absolute construction.

भीमः (bhīmaḥ) - Bhima

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - Bhima (one of the Pandavas); dreadful, terrible

Note: Subject of 'vyacarat'.

अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes that Bhima too was outstanding.

बलिनाम् (balinām) - among the strong (of the strong, of the powerful)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of balin

balin - strong, powerful, mighty, vigorous

Derived from bala (strength) + -in (possessive suffix).

Note: Indicates a group, 'among whom' Bhima is the best.

वरः (varaḥ) - the best (best, chief, excellent)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - best, excellent, chief; boon, choice

From root vṛ- (to choose), can function as an adjective or noun.

Root: vṛ (class 9)

Note: Predicate adjective for Bhima.

तेन (tena) - by that very (by that, through that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Instrumental singular masculine/neuter form of 'tad' (that).

मार्गेण (mārgeṇa) - by that path (by the path, through the way)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mārga

mārga - path, road, way, course, track

Root: mṛj (class 2)

Note: Indicates the means or route of travel.

विपुलम् (vipulam) - extensive (vast, extensive, large, wide)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vipula

vipula - vast, extensive, wide, large, abundant

Note: Modifying 'gandhamādanam'.

व्यचरत् (vyacarat) - traversed (wandered, traveled, roamed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of vi-car

Imperfect

From root car- (to move, go) with prefix vi-. Parasmaipada, 3rd person singular.

Prefix: vi

Root: car (class 1)

Note: The subject is Bhima.

गन्धमादनम् (gandhamādanam) - Gandhamādana (a mythical mountain)

(proper noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of gandhamādana

gandhamādana - Gandhamādana (a mythical mountain, literally 'intoxicating with fragrance')

Compound of gandha (fragrance) and mādana (intoxicating, gladdening).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (gandha+mādana)

• gandha – fragrance, smell, perfume
  noun (masculine)
• mādana – intoxicating, exhilarating, gladdening
  adjective
  Agent Noun / Verbal Adjective
  Derived from root mad- (to rejoice, be intoxicated) in causative form.
  Root: mad (class 4)

Note: Object of the verb 'vyacarat'.