महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-107, verse-4

आरिराधयिषुर्गङ्गां तपसा दग्धकिल्बिषः ।
सोऽपश्यत नरश्रेष्ठ हिमवन्तं नगोत्तमम् ॥४॥

4. ārirādhayiṣurgaṅgāṁ tapasā dagdhakilbiṣaḥ ,
so'paśyata naraśreṣṭha himavantaṁ nagottamam.

4. ārirādhayiṣuḥ gaṅgām tapasā dagdhakilbiṣaḥ
saḥ apaśyata naraśreṣṭha himavantam nagottamam

4. Desiring to propitiate Gaṅgā, his impurities burnt away by asceticism (tapas), that best of men saw the Himalayas, the supreme mountain.

Words meanings summery:

• आरिराधयिषुः (ārirādhayiṣuḥ) - (the king) desiring to propitiate (Gaṅgā) (desiring to propitiate, wishing to please)

• गङ्गाम् (gaṅgām) - (the goddess) Gaṅgā (Gaṅgā (river))

• तपसा (tapasā) - by asceticism (tapas) (by austerity, by asceticism)

• दग्धकिल्बिषः (dagdhakilbiṣaḥ) - (whose) impurities were burnt away (by asceticism) (whose sins are burnt, purified from sins)

• सः (saḥ) - That (king) (he, that)

• अपश्यत (apaśyata) - (he) saw (saw, beheld)

• नरश्रेष्ठ (naraśreṣṭha) - that best of men (king) (best of men, foremost among men)

• हिमवन्तम् (himavantam) - the Himalayas (the Himalayas (mountain range))

• नगोत्तमम् (nagottamam) - the supreme mountain (best of mountains, supreme mountain)

Words meanings and morphology

आरिराधयिषुः (ārirādhayiṣuḥ) - (the king) desiring to propitiate (Gaṅgā) (desiring to propitiate, wishing to please)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ārirādhayiṣu

ārirādhayiṣu - desiring to propitiate, wishing to please, desiring to worship

Desiderative Stem Noun/Adjective

From the desiderative stem of ā-√rādh (to propitiate, succeed), with suffix -u

Prefix: ā

Root: rādh (class 5)

Note: Qualifies the king (implied subject).

गङ्गाम् (gaṅgām) - (the goddess) Gaṅgā (Gaṅgā (river))

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gaṅgā

gaṅgā - The river Ganges, a goddess

Note: Object of 'ārirādhayiṣuḥ'.

तपसा (tapasā) - by asceticism (tapas) (by austerity, by asceticism)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - austerity, penance, asceticism, heat

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Indicates the means.

दग्धकिल्बिषः (dagdhakilbiṣaḥ) - (whose) impurities were burnt away (by asceticism) (whose sins are burnt, purified from sins)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dagdhakilbiṣa

dagdhakilbiṣa - whose sins are burnt, purified from sins/impurities

Bahuvrīhi compound: dagdha (burnt) + kilbiṣa (sin, impurity)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dagdha+kilbiṣa)

• dagdha – burnt, consumed by fire
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle from √dah (to burn)
  Root: dah (class 1)
• kilbiṣa – sin, fault, impurity, guilt
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies the king (implied subject).

सः (saḥ) - That (king) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the king.

अपश्यत (apaśyata) - (he) saw (saw, beheld)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (Laṅ) of dṛś

Imperfect Active

Root 'dṛś' (class 1 'paśyati') takes augment 'a-' in imperfect 3rd singular active

Root: dṛś (class 1)

नरश्रेष्ठ (naraśreṣṭha) - that best of men (king) (best of men, foremost among men)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of naraśreṣṭha

naraśreṣṭha - best of men, foremost among men

Compound of nara (man) and śreṣṭha (best)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+śreṣṭha)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• śreṣṭha – best, most excellent, supreme
  adjective
  Superlative of śrī (prosperity) or praśasta (excellent)

Note: Refers to the king, the subject of 'apaśyata'.

हिमवन्तम् (himavantam) - the Himalayas (the Himalayas (mountain range))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of himavat

himavat - the Himalaya mountains, snowy mountain

Note: Direct object of 'apaśyata'.

नगोत्तमम् (nagottamam) - the supreme mountain (best of mountains, supreme mountain)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nagottama

nagottama - best of mountains, supreme mountain

Compound of naga (mountain) and uttama (best)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (naga+uttama)

• naga – mountain, tree
  noun (masculine)
  From na (not) + ga (going), meaning 'immovable'
  Root: gam (class 1)
• uttama – best, highest, supreme, excellent
  adjective
  Superlative of ud (up)

Note: Qualifies 'himavantam'.