महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-107, verse-14

संवत्सरसहस्रे तु गते दिव्ये महानदी ।
दर्शयामास तं गङ्गा तदा मूर्तिमती स्वयम् ॥१४॥

14. saṁvatsarasahasre tu gate divye mahānadī ,
darśayāmāsa taṁ gaṅgā tadā mūrtimatī svayam.

14. saṃvatsarasahasre tu gate divye mahānadī
darśayāmāsa tam gaṅgā tadā mūrtimatī svayam

14. Indeed, after a thousand divine years had passed, the great river (mahānadī) Gaṅgā herself then appeared to him in an embodied form.

Words meanings summery:

• संवत्सरसहस्रे (saṁvatsarasahasre) - in a thousand years

• तु (tu) - indeed (emphasizing the statement) (but, indeed, however)

• गते (gate) - having gone, passed

• दिव्ये (divye) - divine, celestial

• महानदी (mahānadī) - great river

• दर्शयामास (darśayāmāsa) - appeared (intransitive sense when subject is the appearing entity) (caused to appear, showed, appeared)

• तम् (tam) - him, that

• गङ्गा (gaṅgā) - the river Ganga

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• मूर्तिमती (mūrtimatī) - embodied, having a form

• स्वयम् (svayam) - herself (oneself, in person, by oneself)

Words meanings and morphology

संवत्सरसहस्रे (saṁvatsarasahasre) - in a thousand years

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of saṃvatsarasahasra

saṁvatsarasahasra - a thousand years

Compound type : dvigu/tatpuruṣa (saṃvatsara+sahasra)

• saṃvatsara – year
  noun (masculine)
• sahasra – thousand
  noun (neuter)

Note: Indicates time when.

तु (tu) - indeed (emphasizing the statement) (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

गते (gate) - having gone, passed

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of gata

gata - gone, passed, departed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'gam' (to go) + 'kta' (pp. suffix)

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'saṃvatsarasahasre' in locative absolute construction.

दिव्ये (divye) - divine, celestial

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of divya

divya - divine, celestial, heavenly, excellent

Note: Agrees with 'saṃvatsarasahasre'.

महानदी (mahānadī) - great river

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mahānadī

mahānadī - great river, epithet for Gaṅgā

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+nadī)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• nadī – river
  noun (feminine)

Note: Epithet for Gaṅgā.

दर्शयामास (darśayāmāsa) - appeared (intransitive sense when subject is the appearing entity) (caused to appear, showed, appeared)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of dṛś

Causative perfect

Causative stem 'darśaya' from root 'dṛś' + perfect suffix (āmāsa)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: The perfect tense form is reduplicated verb + ām + perfect ending.

तम् (tam) - him, that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the 'best of men' (Bhagīratha).

गङ्गा (gaṅgā) - the river Ganga

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of gaṅgā

gaṅgā - the river Gaṅgā

Note: Subject of 'darśayāmāsa'.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

मूर्तिमती (mūrtimatī) - embodied, having a form

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mūrtimat

mūrtimat - embodied, having a form, corporeal

Derived from 'mūrti' (form) + 'matup' suffix (possessive)

Note: Agrees with 'gaṅgā'.

स्वयम् (svayam) - herself (oneself, in person, by oneself)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes that Ganga herself appeared.