महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-107, verse-16

लोमश उवाच ।
एवमुक्तः प्रत्युवाच राजा हैमवतीं तदा ।
पितामहा मे वरदे कपिलेन महानदि ।
अन्वेषमाणास्तुरगं नीता वैवस्वतक्षयम् ॥१६॥

16. lomaśa uvāca ,
evamuktaḥ pratyuvāca rājā haimavatīṁ tadā ,
pitāmahā me varade kapilena mahānadi ,
anveṣamāṇāsturagaṁ nītā vaivasvatakṣayam.

16. lomaśa uvāca evam uktaḥ pratyuvāca
rājā haimavatīm tadā pitāmahāḥ me
varade kapilena mahānadi anveṣamāṇāḥ
turagam nītāḥ vaivasvatakṣayam

16. Lomaśa said: "Thus addressed, the king then replied to Gaṅgā, the daughter of Himavat: 'O giver of boons (varade), O great river (mahānadī), my grandfathers, while searching for the horse, were led by Kapila to the abode of Yama (vaivasvatakṣayam).'

Words meanings summery:

• लोमश (lomaśa) - Lomaśa (name of a sage)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - spoken, said, addressed

• प्रत्युवाच (pratyuvāca) - replied, answered

• राजा (rājā) - king

• हैमवतीम् (haimavatīm) - to Gaṅgā (as daughter of Himavat) (to the daughter of Himavat (Parvati or Ganga))

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• पितामहाः (pitāmahāḥ) - grandfathers

• मे (me) - my, to me

• वरदे (varade) - O giver of boons

• कपिलेन (kapilena) - by Kapila (name of a sage)

• महानदि (mahānadi) - O great river

• अन्वेषमाणाः (anveṣamāṇāḥ) - searching, investigating

• तुरगम् (turagam) - horse

• नीताः (nītāḥ) - led, taken away

• वैवस्वतक्षयम् (vaivasvatakṣayam) - to the abode of Yama (son of Vivasvat)

Words meanings and morphology

लोमश (lomaśa) - Lomaśa (name of a sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lomaśa

lomaśa - Lomaśa (name of a sage)

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root 'vac' (2nd conjugation), perfect tense form

Root: vac (class 2)

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies 'uktaḥ'.

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - spoken, said, addressed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, addressed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'vac' (to speak) + 'kta' (pp. suffix). 'vac' changes to 'ukta' in pp.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'rājā'.

प्रत्युवाच (pratyuvāca) - replied, answered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of prativac

Derived from 'prati' (upasarga) + root 'vac' (to speak), perfect tense form

Prefix: prati

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: The 'i' of 'prati' changes to 'y' before 'uvāca' due to sandhi.

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Subject of 'pratyuvāca'.

हैमवतीम् (haimavatīm) - to Gaṅgā (as daughter of Himavat) (to the daughter of Himavat (Parvati or Ganga))

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of haimavatī

haimavatī - daughter of Himavat (the Himalayas), Gaṅgā, Parvatī

Derived from Himavat (Himalayas) + feminine suffix

Note: Object of 'pratyuvāca', meaning 'replied to'.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

पितामहाः (pitāmahāḥ) - grandfathers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pitāmaha

pitāmaha - grandfather (father's father)

Note: Subject of 'nītāḥ'.

मे (me) - my, to me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me, my

Note: Possessive, modifies 'pitāmahāḥ'.

वरदे (varade) - O giver of boons

(noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of varadā

varadā - giver of boons, bestower of favors

Derived from 'vara' (boon) + 'dā' (giving)

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (vara+dā)

• vara – boon, blessing, choice
  noun (masculine)
• dā – giving, bestowing
  adjective (feminine)
  From root 'dā' (to give)
  Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Address to Gaṅgā.

कपिलेन (kapilena) - by Kapila (name of a sage)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kapila

kapila - Kapila (name of a sage, founder of Samkhya philosophy)

Note: Agent in passive construction 'nītāḥ'.

महानदि (mahānadi) - O great river

(noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of mahānadī

mahānadī - great river, epithet for Gaṅgā

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+nadī)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• nadī – river
  noun (feminine)

Note: Address to Gaṅgā.

अन्वेषमाणाः (anveṣamāṇāḥ) - searching, investigating

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of anveṣamāṇa

anveṣamāṇa - searching, investigating, seeking

Present Middle Participle

Derived from root 'iṣ' (to seek) with upasarga 'anu' and 'śānac' (middle participle suffix) -> anveṣate, anveṣamāṇa.

Prefix: anu

Root: iṣ (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'pitāmahāḥ'.

तुरगम् (turagam) - horse

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of turaga

turaga - horse

Note: Object of 'anveṣamāṇāḥ'.

नीताः (nītāḥ) - led, taken away

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nīta

nīta - led, carried, taken, guided

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'nī' (to lead, carry) + 'kta' (pp. suffix)

Root: nī (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'pitāmahāḥ'.

वैवस्वतक्षयम् (vaivasvatakṣayam) - to the abode of Yama (son of Vivasvat)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vaivasvatakṣaya

vaivasvatakṣaya - abode of Yama (son of Vivasvat)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vaivasvata+kṣaya)

• vaivasvata – Yama (son of Vivasvat, the sun god)
  proper noun (masculine)
• kṣaya – abode, dwelling, destruction, end
  noun (masculine)

Note: Indicates destination.