महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-102, verse-22

हसन्तमिव फेनौघैः स्खलन्तं कन्दरेषु च ।
नानाग्राहसमाकीर्णं नानाद्विजगणायुतम् ॥२२॥

22. hasantamiva phenaughaiḥ skhalantaṁ kandareṣu ca ,
nānāgrāhasamākīrṇaṁ nānādvijagaṇāyutam.

22. hasantam iva phenaughaiḥ skhalantam kandareṣu
ca nānāgrāhasamākīrṇam nānādvijagaṇāyutam

22. It appeared as if smiling with masses of foam, flowing down into its caves, filled with various large aquatic creatures, and teeming with flocks of various birds.

Words meanings summery:

• हसन्तम् (hasantam) - as if smiling (referring to the ocean) (laughing, smiling, deriding)

• इव (iva) - as if (like, as if, as)

• फेनौघैः (phenaughaiḥ) - with masses of foam (by masses of foam, with floods of foam)

• स्खलन्तम् (skhalantam) - flowing down, descending (slipping, stumbling, flowing, descending)

• कन्दरेषु (kandareṣu) - in its caves (in caves, in grottoes)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• नानाग्राहसमाकीर्णम् (nānāgrāhasamākīrṇam) - filled with various large aquatic creatures (filled with various aquatic creatures)

• नानाद्विजगणायुतम् (nānādvijagaṇāyutam) - teeming with flocks of various birds (joined by, filled with, accompanied by various flocks of birds)

Words meanings and morphology

हसन्तम् (hasantam) - as if smiling (referring to the ocean) (laughing, smiling, deriding)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hasant

hasant - laughing, smiling, deriding

Present Active Participle

From root `has` (to laugh) + `śatṛ` suffix, modifying a masculine noun (implicitly 'ocean').

Root: has (class 1)

Note: Adjectival participle modifying an implied 'ocean'.

इव (iva) - as if (like, as if, as)

(indeclinable)

फेनौघैः (phenaughaiḥ) - with masses of foam (by masses of foam, with floods of foam)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of phenaugha

phenaugha - mass of foam, flood of foam

Compound of `phena` (foam) and `ogha` (flood, mass).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (phena+ogha)

• phena – foam, froth
  noun (masculine)
• ogha – flood, current, mass, multitude
  noun (masculine)

स्खलन्तम् (skhalantam) - flowing down, descending (slipping, stumbling, flowing, descending)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of skhalant

skhalant - slipping, stumbling, wavering, flowing

Present Active Participle

From root `skhal` (to stumble, flow) + `śatṛ` suffix, modifying a masculine noun (implicitly 'ocean').

Root: skhal (class 1)

Note: Adjectival participle modifying an implied 'ocean'.

कन्दरेषु (kandareṣu) - in its caves (in caves, in grottoes)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of kandara

kandara - cave, grotto, valley

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

नानाग्राहसमाकीर्णम् (nānāgrāhasamākīrṇam) - filled with various large aquatic creatures (filled with various aquatic creatures)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nānāgrāhasamākīrṇa

nānāgrāhasamākīrṇa - teeming with various aquatic monsters

Past Passive Participle (from `ā-kīrṇa`) compounded with nouns.

Bahuvrīhi or Karmadhāraya compound. `nānā` (various) + `grāha` (aquatic creature) + `samākīrṇa` (filled with). `samākīrṇa` is ppp of `sam-ā-kīr`.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nānā+grāha+samākīrṇa)

• nānā – various, diverse, manifold
  indeclinable
• grāha – aquatic animal (crocodile, shark, large fish), seizing, grasping
  noun (masculine)
  From root `grah` (to seize).
  Root: grah (class 9)
• samākīrṇa – filled with, covered with, mixed with
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From `sam-ā-√kīr` (to scatter, strew, fill)
  Prefixes: sam+ā
  Root: kīr (class 6)

Note: Adjective modifying an implied object (e.g., ocean).

नानाद्विजगणायुतम् (nānādvijagaṇāyutam) - teeming with flocks of various birds (joined by, filled with, accompanied by various flocks of birds)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nānādvijagaṇāyuta

nānādvijagaṇāyuta - accompanied by various groups of birds, filled with various groups of twice-born (birds/brahmins)

Past Passive Participle (from `ā-yuta`) compounded with nouns.

Bahuvrīhi or Karmadhāraya compound. `nānā` (various) + `dvija-gaṇa` (flock of birds) + `āyuta` (joined with, filled with). `āyuta` is ppp of `ā-yuj`.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nānā+dvijagaṇa+āyuta)

• nānā – various, diverse, manifold
  indeclinable
• dvijagaṇa – flock of birds, group of twice-born
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of `dvija` (bird/twice-born) and `gaṇa` (group, flock).
• āyuta – joined, united, accompanied by, connected, filled with
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From `ā-√yuj` (to join, connect)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Adjective modifying an implied object (e.g., ocean).