महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-102, verse-1

युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
किमर्थं सहसा विन्ध्यः प्रवृद्धः क्रोधमूर्छितः ।
एतदिच्छाम्यहं श्रोतुं विस्तरेण महामुने ॥१॥

1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
kimarthaṁ sahasā vindhyaḥ pravṛddhaḥ krodhamūrchitaḥ ,
etadicchāmyahaṁ śrotuṁ vistareṇa mahāmune.

1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca kimartham sahasā vindhyaḥ pravṛddhaḥ
krodhamūrcitaḥ etat icchāmi aham śrotum vistareṇa mahāmune

1. Yudhishthira said: 'O great sage, I desire to hear in detail why the Vindhya mountain suddenly grew, overwhelmed by anger.'

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - The eldest of the Pandava brothers, addressing a sage. (Yudhishthira (name of the eldest Pandava brother))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• किमर्थम् (kimartham) - why, for what purpose

• सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, forcibly

• विन्ध्यः (vindhyaḥ) - The Vindhya mountain range (Vindhya (mountain range))

• प्रवृद्धः (pravṛddhaḥ) - grown, increased

• क्रोधमूर्चितः (krodhamūrcitaḥ) - overwhelmed by anger, enraged, swooned with anger

• एतत् (etat) - referring to the preceding question about the Vindhya mountain's growth (this)

• इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I wish, I desire

• अहम् (aham) - I

• श्रोतुम् (śrotum) - to hear

• विस्तरेण (vistareṇa) - in detail, extensively, at length

• महामुने (mahāmune) - Address to a revered sage (e.g., Märkaṇḍeya or Vyāsa in Mahabharata contexts) (O great sage)

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - The eldest of the Pandava brothers, addressing a sage. (Yudhishthira (name of the eldest Pandava brother))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - steady in battle (lit. standing firm in fight)

Compound: yudhi (in battle) + sthira (firm)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle, in fight
  noun (feminine)
  Locative singular of yudh (fight)
• sthira – firm, steady, stable
  adjective
  From √sthā (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Subject of uvāca

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

किमर्थम् (kimartham) - why, for what purpose

(indeclinable)

Compound: kim (what) + artha (purpose)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kim+artha)

• kim – what, which
  pronoun (neuter)
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, object
  noun (masculine)

Note: Interrogative adverb

सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, forcibly

(indeclinable)

Instrumental form used as adverb

Note: Adverb

विन्ध्यः (vindhyaḥ) - The Vindhya mountain range (Vindhya (mountain range))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vindhya

vindhya - the Vindhya mountain range

Note: Subject of the implied verb

प्रवृद्धः (pravṛddhaḥ) - grown, increased

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pravṛddha

pravṛddha - grown, increased, augmented, developed

Past Passive Participle

From √vṛdh (to grow) with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with vindhyaḥ

क्रोधमूर्चितः (krodhamūrcitaḥ) - overwhelmed by anger, enraged, swooned with anger

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of krodhamūrcita

krodhamūrcita - overwhelmed/swooned by anger

Compound: krodha (anger) + mūrcita (swooned, unconscious, overwhelmed, P.P.P. from √mūrc)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (krodha+mūrcita)

• krodha – anger, rage
  noun (masculine)
  From √kruudh
  Root: kruudh (class 4)
• mūrcita – swooned, unconscious, fainted, overwhelmed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From √mūrc (to faint, coagulate)
  Root: mūrc (class 1)

Note: Agrees with vindhyaḥ

एतत् (etat) - referring to the preceding question about the Vindhya mountain's growth (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, that

Note: Object of icchāmi

इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I wish, I desire

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of iṣ

Root: iṣ (class 6)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I (pronoun)

Note: Subject of icchāmi

श्रोतुम् (śrotum) - to hear

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

From √śru (to hear) with -tum suffix

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Infinitive of purpose

विस्तरेण (vistareṇa) - in detail, extensively, at length

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vistara

vistara - extension, breadth, detail, prolixity

From vi + √stṛ (to spread)

Prefix: vi

Root: stṛ (class 5)

Note: Adverbial usage 'by means of detail'

महामुने (mahāmune) - Address to a revered sage (e.g., Märkaṇḍeya or Vyāsa in Mahabharata contexts) (O great sage)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahāmunin

mahāmunin - great sage, great ascetic

Compound: mahā (great) + muni (sage)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+muni)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• muni – sage, ascetic, silent one
  noun (masculine)

Note: Direct address