महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-102, verse-1

युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
किमर्थं सहसा विन्ध्यः प्रवृद्धः क्रोधमूर्छितः ।
एतदिच्छाम्यहं श्रोतुं विस्तरेण महामुने ॥१॥

1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
kimarthaṁ sahasā vindhyaḥ pravṛddhaḥ krodhamūrchitaḥ ,
etadicchāmyahaṁ śrotuṁ vistareṇa mahāmune.

1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca kimartham sahasā vindhyaḥ pravṛddhaḥ
krodhamūrcitaḥ etat icchāmi aham śrotum vistareṇa mahāmune

1. Yudhishthira said: 'O great sage, I desire to hear in detail why the Vindhya mountain suddenly grew, overwhelmed by anger.'

1. יוּדְהִישְׁתְהִירַה אמר, מדוע גדל פתאום וִינְדְהְיַה, כשהוא אחוז כעס? הו קדוש גדול, אני רוצה לשמוע זאת בפירוט.

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - The eldest of the Pandava brothers, addressing a sage. (Yudhishthira (name of the eldest Pandava brother))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• किमर्थम् (kimartham) - why, for what purpose

• सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, forcibly

• विन्ध्यः (vindhyaḥ) - The Vindhya mountain range (Vindhya (mountain range))

• प्रवृद्धः (pravṛddhaḥ) - grown, increased

• क्रोधमूर्चितः (krodhamūrcitaḥ) - overwhelmed by anger, enraged, swooned with anger

• एतत् (etat) - referring to the preceding question about the Vindhya mountain's growth (this)

• इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I wish, I desire

• अहम् (aham) - I

• श्रोतुम् (śrotum) - to hear

• विस्तरेण (vistareṇa) - in detail, extensively, at length

• महामुने (mahāmune) - Address to a revered sage (e.g., Märkaṇḍeya or Vyāsa in Mahabharata contexts) (O great sage)

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - The eldest of the Pandava brothers, addressing a sage. (Yudhishthira (name of the eldest Pandava brother))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - steady in battle (lit. standing firm in fight)

Compound: yudhi (in battle) + sthira (firm)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle, in fight
  noun (feminine)
  Locative singular of yudh (fight)
• sthira – firm, steady, stable
  adjective
  From √sthā (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Subject of uvāca

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

किमर्थम् (kimartham) - why, for what purpose

(indeclinable)

Compound: kim (what) + artha (purpose)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kim+artha)

• kim – what, which
  pronoun (neuter)
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, object
  noun (masculine)

Note: Interrogative adverb

सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, forcibly

(indeclinable)

Instrumental form used as adverb

Note: Adverb

विन्ध्यः (vindhyaḥ) - The Vindhya mountain range (Vindhya (mountain range))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vindhya

vindhya - the Vindhya mountain range

Note: Subject of the implied verb

प्रवृद्धः (pravṛddhaḥ) - grown, increased

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pravṛddha

pravṛddha - grown, increased, augmented, developed

Past Passive Participle

From √vṛdh (to grow) with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with vindhyaḥ

क्रोधमूर्चितः (krodhamūrcitaḥ) - overwhelmed by anger, enraged, swooned with anger

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of krodhamūrcita

krodhamūrcita - overwhelmed/swooned by anger

Compound: krodha (anger) + mūrcita (swooned, unconscious, overwhelmed, P.P.P. from √mūrc)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (krodha+mūrcita)

• krodha – anger, rage
  noun (masculine)
  From √kruudh
  Root: kruudh (class 4)
• mūrcita – swooned, unconscious, fainted, overwhelmed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From √mūrc (to faint, coagulate)
  Root: mūrc (class 1)

Note: Agrees with vindhyaḥ

एतत् (etat) - referring to the preceding question about the Vindhya mountain's growth (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, that

Note: Object of icchāmi

इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I wish, I desire

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of iṣ

Root: iṣ (class 6)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I (pronoun)

Note: Subject of icchāmi

श्रोतुम् (śrotum) - to hear

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

From √śru (to hear) with -tum suffix

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Infinitive of purpose

विस्तरेण (vistareṇa) - in detail, extensively, at length

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vistara

vistara - extension, breadth, detail, prolixity

From vi + √stṛ (to spread)

Prefix: vi

Root: stṛ (class 5)

Note: Adverbial usage 'by means of detail'

महामुने (mahāmune) - Address to a revered sage (e.g., Märkaṇḍeya or Vyāsa in Mahabharata contexts) (O great sage)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahāmunin

mahāmunin - great sage, great ascetic

Compound: mahā (great) + muni (sage)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+muni)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• muni – sage, ascetic, silent one
  noun (masculine)

Note: Direct address

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