महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-35, verse-21

यो हि धर्मः स विदुरो विदुरो यः स पाण्डवः ।
स एष राजन्वश्यस्ते पाण्डवः प्रेष्यवत्स्थितः ॥२१॥

21. yo hi dharmaḥ sa viduro viduro yaḥ sa pāṇḍavaḥ ,
sa eṣa rājanvaśyaste pāṇḍavaḥ preṣyavatsthitaḥ.

21. yaḥ hi dharmaḥ saḥ viduraḥ viduraḥ yaḥ saḥ pāṇḍavaḥ
saḥ eṣa rājan vaśyaḥ te pāṇḍavaḥ preṣyavat-sthitaḥ

21. rājan,
yaḥ hi dharmaḥ,
saḥ viduraḥ; yaḥ viduraḥ,
saḥ pāṇḍavaḥ.
saḥ eṣaḥ pāṇḍavaḥ te vaśyaḥ preṣyavat-sthitaḥ.

21. Indeed, he who embodies natural law (dharma) is Vidura; and he who is Vidura, he is a Pāṇḍava. O king, that very Pāṇḍava is submissive to you, standing like a servant.

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever, which

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (dharma) (natural law, constitution, righteousness, duty)

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• विदुरः (viduraḥ) - Vidura (proper name)

• विदुरः (viduraḥ) - Vidura (proper name)

• यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever, which

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• पाण्डवः (pāṇḍavaḥ) - a descendant of Pāṇḍu

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• एष (eṣa) - this, that very

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• वश्यः (vaśyaḥ) - submissive, obedient, under control

• ते (te) - to you, your

• पाण्डवः (pāṇḍavaḥ) - a descendant of Pāṇḍu

• प्रेष्यवत्-स्थितः (preṣyavat-sthitaḥ) - standing like a servant, positioned as an attendant

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what, whichever

हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

(indeclinable)

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (dharma) (natural law, constitution, righteousness, duty)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue, custom, religion

From root 'dhṛ' (to uphold, support) with 'man' suffix.

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of the first clause.

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

विदुरः (viduraḥ) - Vidura (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidura

vidura - Vidura (a character in the Mahābhārata, known for his wisdom and adherence to dharma)

Note: Predicate nominative.

विदुरः (viduraḥ) - Vidura (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidura

vidura - Vidura (a character in the Mahābhārata, known for his wisdom and adherence to dharma)

Note: Subject of the second clause.

यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what, whichever

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

पाण्डवः (pāṇḍavaḥ) - a descendant of Pāṇḍu

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - son of Pāṇḍu, descendant of Pāṇḍu

Patronymic from Pāṇḍu.

Note: Predicate nominative.

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Subject of the main sentence.

एष (eṣa) - this, that very

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, that

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, monarch

Root: rāj (class 1)

वश्यः (vaśyaḥ) - submissive, obedient, under control

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaśya

vaśya - obedient, submissive, docile, to be controlled, dependent

Gerundive (kṛtya)

From root 'vaś' (to wish, control) with 'ya' suffix (ṇyat).

Root: vaś (class 2)

ते (te) - to you, your

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

पाण्डवः (pāṇḍavaḥ) - a descendant of Pāṇḍu

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - son of Pāṇḍu, descendant of Pāṇḍu

Patronymic from Pāṇḍu.

Note: Subject of the latter part of the sentence.

प्रेष्यवत्-स्थितः (preṣyavat-sthitaḥ) - standing like a servant, positioned as an attendant

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of preṣyavat-sthita

preṣyavat-sthita - standing like a servant, acting as a messenger

Compound type : tatpurusha (preṣyavat+sthita)

• preṣyavat – like a servant, as an attendant, like a messenger
  indeclinable
  From 'preṣya' (servant, messenger) with 'vat' suffix (like).
• sthita – stood, standing, situated, remaining
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'sthā' (to stand) with 'kta' suffix.
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'pāṇḍavaḥ'.