महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-35, verse-14

तपोबलव्ययं कृत्वा सुमहच्चिरसंभृतम् ।
माण्डव्येनर्षिणा धर्मो ह्यभिभूतः सनातनः ॥१४॥

14. tapobalavyayaṁ kṛtvā sumahaccirasaṁbhṛtam ,
māṇḍavyenarṣiṇā dharmo hyabhibhūtaḥ sanātanaḥ.

14. tapobalavyayam kṛtvā sumahat ciraśambhṛtam
māṇḍavyena ṛṣiṇā dharmaḥ hi abhibhūtaḥ sanātanaḥ

14. sumahat ciraśambhṛtam tapobalavyayam kṛtvā
māṇḍavyena ṛṣiṇā hi sanātanaḥ dharmaḥ abhibhūtaḥ

14. Indeed, having expended the immense power of his spiritual austerity (tapas), which was accumulated over a very long time, the eternal natural law (dharma) was overpowered by the sage Maṇḍavya.

Words meanings summery:

• तपोबलव्ययम् (tapobalavyayam) - expended the immense power of his spiritual austerity (tapas) (loss/expenditure of the power of asceticism)

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having expended (having done, having made, having caused)

• सुमहत् (sumahat) - immense (very great, immense)

• चिरशम्भृतम् (ciraśambhṛtam) - accumulated over a very long time (accumulated/collected for a long time)

• माण्डव्येन (māṇḍavyena) - by Maṇḍavya

• ऋषिणा (ṛṣiṇā) - by the sage

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (dharma) (natural law, righteousness, duty)

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• अभिभूतः (abhibhūtaḥ) - was overpowered (overpowered, defeated, suppressed)

• सनातनः (sanātanaḥ) - eternal (eternal, perpetual, ancient)

Words meanings and morphology

तपोबलव्ययम् (tapobalavyayam) - expended the immense power of his spiritual austerity (tapas) (loss/expenditure of the power of asceticism)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tapobalavyaya

tapobalavyaya - expenditure or loss of the power of asceticism (tapas)

Compound type : tatpurusha (tapas+bala+vyaya)

• tapas – heat, spiritual austerity, penance
  noun (neuter)
  Root: tap (class 1)
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)
• vyaya – expenditure, loss, destruction
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'ī' (to go) with prefix 'vi-a'
  Prefixes: vi+a
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: The form ends in -am, indicating accusative singular, functioning as the object of 'kṛtvā'.

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having expended (having done, having made, having caused)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root kṛ (to do, make) + suffix -tvā

Root: kṛ (class 8)

सुमहत् (sumahat) - immense (very great, immense)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sumahat

sumahat - very great, very large, immense, excellent

Compound of 'su' (very) and 'mahat' (great)

Compound type : karmadharaya (su+mahat)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'tapobalavyayam'.

चिरशम्भृतम् (ciraśambhṛtam) - accumulated over a very long time (accumulated/collected for a long time)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ciraśambhṛta

ciraśambhṛta - accumulated for a long time, collected over a long period

Compound type : tatpurusha (cira+saṃbhṛta)

• cira – long, for a long time
  indeclinable
• saṃbhṛta – collected, accumulated, brought together
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root bhṛ (to bear, carry) with prefix sam
  Prefix: sam
  Root: bhṛ (class 3)

Note: Agrees with 'tapobalavyayam'.

माण्डव्येन (māṇḍavyena) - by Maṇḍavya

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of māṇḍavya

māṇḍavya - Maṇḍavya (name of a sage)

Note: Agent of the passive verb 'abhibhūtaḥ'.

ऋषिणा (ṛṣiṇā) - by the sage

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet

Note: Appositive to 'māṇḍavyena'.

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (dharma) (natural law, righteousness, duty)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, righteousness, duty, virtue, constitution, intrinsic nature

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of the passive verb.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

अभिभूतः (abhibhūtaḥ) - was overpowered (overpowered, defeated, suppressed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhibhūta

abhibhūta - overpowered, defeated, overcome, suppressed

Past Passive Participle

From root bhū (to be) with prefix abhi

Prefix: abhi

Root: bhū (class 1)

सनातनः (sanātanaḥ) - eternal (eternal, perpetual, ancient)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sanātana

sanātana - eternal, perpetual, ancient, everlasting, primeval