महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-35, verse-17

सत्येन संवर्धयति दमेन नियमेन च ।
अहिंसया च दानेन तपसा च सनातनः ॥१७॥

17. satyena saṁvardhayati damena niyamena ca ,
ahiṁsayā ca dānena tapasā ca sanātanaḥ.

17. satyena saṃvardhayati damena niyamena ca
ahiṃsayā ca dānena tapasā ca sanātanaḥ

17. sanātanaḥ satyena damena niyamena ca
ahiṃsayā ca dānena tapasā ca saṃvardhayati

17. And the eternal one (dharma embodied in Yudhiṣṭhira) promotes (itself) through truthfulness, self-control, and discipline, and through non-violence, charity, and austerity (tapas).

Words meanings summery:

• सत्येन (satyena) - by truth, through truthfulness

• संवर्धयति (saṁvardhayati) - He makes dharma grow or thrive. (he causes to grow, he promotes, he develops, he fosters)

• दमेन (damena) - by self-control, by restraint

• नियमेन (niyamena) - By adherence to strict moral or spiritual rules. (by discipline, by rule, by regulation, by restraint)

• च (ca) - and

• अहिंसया (ahiṁsayā) - by non-violence, by non-injury

• च (ca) - and

• दानेन (dānena) - by charity, by giving, by donation

• तपसा (tapasā) - Through rigorous spiritual practice and self-discipline. (by austerity, by penance, by spiritual fervor (tapas))

• च (ca) - and

• सनातनः (sanātanaḥ) - Refers to Yudhiṣṭhira, the embodiment of dharma, or dharma itself. (the eternal one, the everlasting)

Words meanings and morphology

सत्येन (satyena) - by truth, through truthfulness

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of satya

satya - truth, reality, truthful

Derived from 'sat' (being, existence).

संवर्धयति (saṁvardhayati) - He makes dharma grow or thrive. (he causes to grow, he promotes, he develops, he fosters)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of saṃvardh

causative

Causative of root vṛdh (to grow). Prefixed with 'sam'.

Prefix: sam

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

दमेन (damena) - by self-control, by restraint

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dama

dama - self-control, restraint, subduing

From root dam (to tame, control).

Root: dam (class 1)

नियमेन (niyamena) - By adherence to strict moral or spiritual rules. (by discipline, by rule, by regulation, by restraint)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of niyama

niyama - discipline, rule, restraint, religious observance

From root yam (to hold, restrain) with prefix ni.

Prefix: ni

Root: yam (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

अहिंसया (ahiṁsayā) - by non-violence, by non-injury

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of ahiṃsā

ahiṁsā - non-violence, non-injury

Negative particle 'a' + 'hiṃsā' (violence, injury). From root hiṃs (to injure).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+hiṃsā)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• hiṃsā – violence, injury
  noun (feminine)
  From root hiṃs (to injure).
  Root: hiṃs (class 7)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

दानेन (dānena) - by charity, by giving, by donation

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of dāna

dāna - gift, charity, donation, giving

action noun

From root dā (to give).

Root: dā (class 3)

तपसा (tapasā) - Through rigorous spiritual practice and self-discipline. (by austerity, by penance, by spiritual fervor (tapas))

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - austerity, penance, spiritual fervor, heat

From root tap (to heat, to suffer).

Root: tap (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

सनातनः (sanātanaḥ) - Refers to Yudhiṣṭhira, the embodiment of dharma, or dharma itself. (the eternal one, the everlasting)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sanātana

sanātana - eternal, perpetual, ancient, primeval

Derived from 'sanā' (always) + 'tana' (suffix indicating time/duration).

Note: Subject of 'saṃvardhayati'.