महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-29, verse-2

ये राजकार्येषु पुरा व्यासक्ता नित्यशोऽभवन् ।
ते राजकार्याणि तदा नाकार्षुः सर्वतः पुरे ॥२॥

2. ye rājakāryeṣu purā vyāsaktā nityaśo'bhavan ,
te rājakāryāṇi tadā nākārṣuḥ sarvataḥ pure.

2. ye rājakāryeṣu purā vyāsaktāḥ nityaśaḥ abhavan
| te rājakāryāṇi tadā na akārṣuḥ sarvataḥ pure

2. ye purā rājakāryeṣu nityaśaḥ vyāsaktāḥ abhavan
te tadā rājakāryāṇi sarvataḥ pure na akārṣuḥ

2. Those who were formerly always engrossed in royal affairs did not perform any of those duties in the city at that time.

Words meanings summery:

• ये (ye) - who, those who

• राजकार्येषु (rājakāryeṣu) - in royal duties, in state affairs

• पुरा (purā) - formerly, previously, in the past

• व्यासक्ताः (vyāsaktāḥ) - engrossed, deeply engaged, attached

• नित्यशः (nityaśaḥ) - always, constantly, regularly

• अभवन् (abhavan) - became, were

• ते (te) - they (the Pāṇḍavas) (they, those)

• राजकार्याणि (rājakāryāṇi) - royal duties, state affairs

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• न (na) - not

• अकार्षुः (akārṣuḥ) - they did not perform (they did, they performed)

• सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - at all (indicating 'not any duties') (entirely, completely, in every respect, at all)

• पुरे (pure) - in the city, in the capital

Words meanings and morphology

ये (ye) - who, those who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

Relative pronoun.

राजकार्येषु (rājakāryeṣu) - in royal duties, in state affairs

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of rājakārya

rājakārya - royal duty, state affair, king's business

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+kārya)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• kārya – work, duty, affair, business, to be done
  noun (neuter)
  gerundive/future passive participle
  Derived from the root 'kṛ' (to do, to make) with the suffix 'ya'.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

पुरा (purā) - formerly, previously, in the past

(indeclinable)

व्यासक्ताः (vyāsaktāḥ) - engrossed, deeply engaged, attached

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vyāsakta

vyāsakta - attached, engrossed, deeply engaged, occupied with

past passive participle

Derived from the root 'sañj' (to attach, cling) with prefixes 'vi' and 'ā'.

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: sañj (class 7)

Note: Adjectival predicate.

नित्यशः (nityaśaḥ) - always, constantly, regularly

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'nitya' (constant, eternal) with the suffix 'śas', forming an adverb.

Note: Adverb modifying the state of being engrossed.

अभवन् (abhavan) - became, were

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

imperfect tense (laṅ)

Imperfect active 3rd plural form of the root 'bhū'.

Root: bhū (class 1)

ते (te) - they (the Pāṇḍavas) (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Demonstrative pronoun, here acting as a correlative to 'ye'.

राजकार्याणि (rājakāryāṇi) - royal duties, state affairs

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of rājakārya

rājakārya - royal duty, state affair, king's business

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+kārya)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• kārya – work, duty, affair, business, to be done
  noun (neuter)
  gerundive/future passive participle
  Derived from the root 'kṛ' (to do, to make) with the suffix 'ya'.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Object of 'akārṣuḥ'.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Adverb of time.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

अकार्षुः (akārṣuḥ) - they did not perform (they did, they performed)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, aorist (luṅ) of kṛ

aorist tense (luṅ)

Aorist active 3rd plural form of the root 'kṛ'.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - at all (indicating 'not any duties') (entirely, completely, in every respect, at all)

(indeclinable)

Adverb formed from 'sarva' (all) with the suffix 'tas'.

पुरे (pure) - in the city, in the capital

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of pur

pur - city, fortress, capital

Root noun.