महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-17, verse-21

यत्र त्रयोदश समा वने वन्येन जीवसि ।
न तदा त्वा पिता ज्येष्ठः पितृत्वेनाभिवीक्षते ॥२१॥

21. yatra trayodaśa samā vane vanyena jīvasi ,
na tadā tvā pitā jyeṣṭhaḥ pitṛtvenābhivīkṣate.

21. yatra trayodaśa samāḥ vane vanyena jīvasi na
tadā tvā pitā jyeṣṭhaḥ pitṛtvena abhivīkṣate

21. yatra trayodaśa samāḥ vane vanyena jīvasi,
tadā jyeṣṭhaḥ pitā tvā pitṛtvena na abhivīkṣate.

21. Where for thirteen years you lived in the forest on wild food, then your elder father did not look upon you with fatherly affection.

Words meanings summery:

• यत्र (yatra) - where, in which, if

• त्रयोदश (trayodaśa) - thirteen

• समाः (samāḥ) - years

• वने (vane) - in the forest

• वन्येन (vanyena) - with wild food, by means of wild products

• जीवसि (jīvasi) - you live

• न (na) - not, no

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• त्वा (tvā) - you (accusative singular)

• पिता (pitā) - your elder father (Dhritarashtra) (father)

• ज्येष्ठः (jyeṣṭhaḥ) - eldest, elder, senior

• पितृत्वेन (pitṛtvena) - by fatherhood, with fatherly affection, as a father

• अभिवीक्षते (abhivīkṣate) - looks upon, observes, regards

Words meanings and morphology

यत्र (yatra) - where, in which, if

(indeclinable)

Formed from pronominal stem ya (who, which) with suffix -tra.

त्रयोदश (trayodaśa) - thirteen

(numeral)

Compound type : dvandva (traya+daśa)

• traya – three
  numeral (masculine)
• daśa – ten
  numeral

Note: Adjectival, agrees with 'samāḥ'.

समाः (samāḥ) - years

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of samā

samā - year, season

Note: Can be accusative of duration as well.

वने (vane) - in the forest

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove

वन्येन (vanyena) - with wild food, by means of wild products

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of vanya

vanya - wild, forest-born, produced in the forest, forest-dweller, wild food

From vana (forest) + ya suffix.

Note: Instrumental of means.

जीवसि (jīvasi) - you live

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of jīv

Present Tense, Parasmaipada

From root jīv (जीव्) of 1st class, Parasmaipada, Present Indicative.

Root: jīv (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the verb 'abhivīkṣate'.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

From pronominal stem tad (that) + dā suffix.

Note: Refers to the time of living in the forest.

त्वा (tvā) - you (accusative singular)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular/plural)

Pronominal base for second person singular.

Note: Object of 'abhivīkṣate'.

पिता (pitā) - your elder father (Dhritarashtra) (father)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

Note: Subject of 'abhivīkṣate'. Refers to Dhritarashtra here implicitly as the 'elder father' of the Pandavas (though technically uncle).

ज्येष्ठः (jyeṣṭhaḥ) - eldest, elder, senior

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jyeṣṭha

jyeṣṭha - eldest, elder, senior, chief

Superlative of pra- (before, foremost).

Note: Agrees with 'pitā'.

पितृत्वेन (pitṛtvena) - by fatherhood, with fatherly affection, as a father

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of pitṛtva

pitṛtva - fatherhood, paternity, state of being a father

From pitṛ (father) + tva suffix.

Note: Instrumental of manner, "with fatherly regard".

अभिवीक्षते (abhivīkṣate) - looks upon, observes, regards

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of abhivīkṣ

Present Tense, Ātmanepada

From root īkṣ (ईक्ष्) 'to see' with prefixes abhi and vi. Dhatus of 1st class (भ्वादिगण), Ātmanepada, Present Indicative.

Prefixes: abhi+vi

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Denotes looking with a certain intention/attitude.