महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-17, verse-14

राजानमुपतिष्ठस्व ज्येष्ठं भ्रातरमीश्वरम् ।
अर्हस्त्वमसि दातुं वै नादातुं भरतर्षभ ।
एवं ब्रुवाणं कौन्तेयं धर्मराजोऽभ्यपूजयत् ॥१४॥

14. rājānamupatiṣṭhasva jyeṣṭhaṁ bhrātaramīśvaram ,
arhastvamasi dātuṁ vai nādātuṁ bharatarṣabha ,
evaṁ bruvāṇaṁ kaunteyaṁ dharmarājo'bhyapūjayat.

14. rājānam upatiṣṭhasva jyeṣṭham bhrātaram
īśvaram arhaḥ tvam asi dātum vai
na adātum bharatarṣabha evam bruvāṇam
kaunteyam dharmarājaḥ abhyapūjayat

14. bharatarṣabha,
tvam rājānam jyeṣṭham bhrātaram īśvaram upatiṣṭhasva tvam vai dātum arhaḥ asi na adātum dharmarājaḥ evam bruvāṇam kaunteyam abhyapūjayat

14. O King, fulfill your role as the elder brother and master. Indeed, O best among the Bharatas, you are worthy to give, not to hold back from giving. Having heard Kunti's son (Arjuna) speak thus, Yudhishthira (the king of dharma) honored him.

Words meanings summery:

• राजानम् (rājānam) - The role of a king, specifically Yudhishthira's kingly status. (king, ruler)

• उपतिष्ठस्व (upatiṣṭhasva) - Fulfill your role, present yourself as (the king). (attend upon, serve, stand near, worship, approach, perform (a ritual))

• ज्येष्ठम् (jyeṣṭham) - The eldest (brother), referring to Yudhishthira. (eldest, chief, best, most excellent)

• भ्रातरम् (bhrātaram) - The elder brother, referring to Yudhishthira. (brother)

• ईश्वरम् (īśvaram) - The master, the one in control, referring to Yudhishthira's authority. (master, lord, powerful, capable)

• अर्हः (arhaḥ) - You are worthy and capable. (worthy, deserving, fit, able)

• त्वम् (tvam) - Yudhishthira. (you)

• असि (asi) - You exist, you are. (are (you are))

• दातुम् (dātum) - To give (gifts, patronage, etc.) as a king's duty. (to give)

• वै (vai) - Emphasizing the preceding statement. (indeed, certainly, verily)

• न (na) - Negating the act of not giving. (not, no)

• अदातुम् (adātum) - To withhold or not bestow. (to not give, to refrain from giving)

• भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - Epithet for Yudhishthira, as the addressee. (O best of Bharatas, O bull among Bharatas)

• एवम् (evam) - Referring to Arjuna's preceding speech. (thus, in this manner)

• ब्रुवाणम् (bruvāṇam) - Referring to Arjuna who was speaking. (speaking, saying)

• कौन्तेयम् (kaunteyam) - Arjuna. (son of Kunti)

• धर्मराजः (dharmarājaḥ) - Yudhishthira. (king of dharma, king of justice)

• अभ्यपूजयत् (abhyapūjayat) - Yudhishthira showed respect and honor to Arjuna. (honored, worshipped, revered)

Words meanings and morphology

राजानम् (rājānam) - The role of a king, specifically Yudhishthira's kingly status. (king, ruler)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

Note: Here, used in an exhortatory sense, referring to Yudhishthira's kingly status.

उपतिष्ठस्व (upatiṣṭhasva) - Fulfill your role, present yourself as (the king). (attend upon, serve, stand near, worship, approach, perform (a ritual))

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of upatiṣṭha

imperative

Derived from root sthā (to stand) with upasarga upa and prefix prati.

Prefixes: upa+prati

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Middle voice, used reflexively or for the agent's benefit.

ज्येष्ठम् (jyeṣṭham) - The eldest (brother), referring to Yudhishthira. (eldest, chief, best, most excellent)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jyeṣṭha

jyeṣṭha - eldest, chief, best

Superlative of vṛddha (old).

Note: Agrees with rājānam and bhrātaram.

भ्रातरम् (bhrātaram) - The elder brother, referring to Yudhishthira. (brother)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

Note: Agrees with rājānam.

ईश्वरम् (īśvaram) - The master, the one in control, referring to Yudhishthira's authority. (master, lord, powerful, capable)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of īśvara

īśvara - master, lord, powerful, capable, ruler

Derived from root īś (to be master of, to rule).

Root: īś (class 2)

Note: Agrees with rājānam.

अर्हः (arhaḥ) - You are worthy and capable. (worthy, deserving, fit, able)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arha

arha - worthy, deserving, fit, able

From root arh (to deserve).

Root: arh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with tvam.

त्वम् (tvam) - Yudhishthira. (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of tvad

tvad - you

असि (asi) - You exist, you are. (are (you are))

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

present indicative

Root: as (class 2)

दातुम् (dātum) - To give (gifts, patronage, etc.) as a king's duty. (to give)

(indeclinable)

infinitive

Infinitive form of root dā.

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Infinitive of purpose.

वै (vai) - Emphasizing the preceding statement. (indeed, certainly, verily)

(indeclinable)

न (na) - Negating the act of not giving. (not, no)

(indeclinable)

अदातुम् (adātum) - To withhold or not bestow. (to not give, to refrain from giving)

(indeclinable)

infinitive

Infinitive form of root dā, negated by 'a'.

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Negated infinitive.

भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - Epithet for Yudhishthira, as the addressee. (O best of Bharatas, O bull among Bharatas)

(compound)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – descendant of Bharata, a king
  proper noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, excellent
  noun (masculine)

Note: Compound word often used as an epithet for valiant warriors or kings in the Bharata lineage.

एवम् (evam) - Referring to Arjuna's preceding speech. (thus, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

ब्रुवाणम् (bruvāṇam) - Referring to Arjuna who was speaking. (speaking, saying)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bruvāṇa

brū - to speak, to say

present active participle

Present participle of root brū with śānac suffix, middle voice form.

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Modifies Kaunteyam.

कौन्तेयम् (kaunteyam) - Arjuna. (son of Kunti)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kaunteya

kaunteya - son of Kunti

Patronymic derived from Kunti.

Note: Object of abhyapūjayat.

धर्मराजः (dharmarājaḥ) - Yudhishthira. (king of dharma, king of justice)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmarāja

dharmarāja - king of dharma, king of justice, righteous king

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+rājan)

• dharma – righteousness, duty, law, natural law (dharma), intrinsic nature (dharma)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of abhyapūjayat.

अभ्यपूजयत् (abhyapūjayat) - Yudhishthira showed respect and honor to Arjuna. (honored, worshipped, revered)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of abhyapūjayat

imperfect

Imperfect tense, active voice, 3rd person singular, derived from root pūj with upasargas abhi and apa.

Prefixes: abhi+apa

Root: pūj (class 10)