महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-94, verse-22

एवमुक्त्वा स नृपतिः प्रविवेश रसातलम् ।
उक्त्वेह वितथं राजंश्चेदीनामीश्वरः प्रभुः ॥२२॥

22. evamuktvā sa nṛpatiḥ praviveśa rasātalam ,
uktveha vitathaṁ rājaṁścedīnāmīśvaraḥ prabhuḥ.

22. evam uktvā saḥ nṛpatiḥ praviveśa rasātalam
uktvā iha vitatham rājan cedīnām īśvaraḥ prabhuḥ

22. Having spoken thus, and having uttered a falsehood in this world, that king, the lord of the Cedis and a powerful ruler, entered the netherworld (rasātala).

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having spoken, having said

• सः (saḥ) - King Vasu (he, that)

• नृपतिः (nṛpatiḥ) - King Vasu (the king, the lord of men)

• प्रविवेश (praviveśa) - he entered, he went into

• रसातलम् (rasātalam) - the lowest of the seven netherworlds, the watery region

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having uttered (having spoken, having said)

• इह (iha) - here, in this world, at this time

• वितथम् (vitatham) - false, untrue, vain, falsehood

• राजन् (rājan) - O King, O ruler

• चेदीनाम् (cedīnām) - of the Chedis (a people/kingdom)

• ईश्वरः (īśvaraḥ) - lord, master, ruler, god

• प्रभुः (prabhuḥ) - a powerful ruler (lord, master, powerful, capable)

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

Note: Refers to the preceding statement.

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having spoken, having said

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root \u221Avac with suffix -tvā

Root: vac (class 2)

सः (saḥ) - King Vasu (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to King Vasu.

नृपतिः (nṛpatiḥ) - King Vasu (the king, the lord of men)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛpati

nṛpati - king, lord of men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pati)

• nṛ – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to King Vasu.

प्रविवेश (praviveśa) - he entered, he went into

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of \u221Aviś

Perfect

3rd person singular, active voice, Parasmaipada, with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

रसातलम् (rasātalam) - the lowest of the seven netherworlds, the watery region

(proper noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rasātala

rasātala - Rasatala (one of the netherworlds), the lowest region of the earth

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rasā+tala)

• rasā – earth, fluid, juice
  noun (feminine)
• tala – surface, bottom, flat part
  noun (neuter)

Note: A mythological subterranean realm.

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having uttered (having spoken, having said)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root \u221Avac with suffix -tvā

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Repeats the action of speaking, emphasizing the content.

इह (iha) - here, in this world, at this time

(indeclinable)

Note: Refers to the earthly realm.

वितथम् (vitatham) - false, untrue, vain, falsehood

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vitatha

vitatha - false, untrue, vain, fruitless, falsehood

Prefix: vi

Root: tath

Note: Functions as a noun here, "a falsehood".

राजन् (rājan) - O King, O ruler

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: This is an address by the narrator to a listener, not part of Vasu's speech.

चेदीनाम् (cedīnām) - of the Chedis (a people/kingdom)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of cedi

cedi - Cedi (name of a country or its people), king of Cedis

Note: Refers to the kingdom or people over whom Vasu ruled.

ईश्वरः (īśvaraḥ) - lord, master, ruler, god

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of īśvara

īśvara - lord, master, ruler, controller

Derived from root \u221Aīś (to rule, to be master of)

Root: īś (class 2)

Note: Describes King Vasu.

प्रभुः (prabhuḥ) - a powerful ruler (lord, master, powerful, capable)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prabhu

prabhu - lord, master, powerful, mighty

Derived from root \u221Abhū with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Describes King Vasu.