महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-94, verse-12

ततो दीनान्पशून्दृष्ट्वा ऋषयस्ते तपोधनाः ।
ऊचुः शक्रं समागम्य नायं यज्ञविधिः शुभः ॥१२॥

12. tato dīnānpaśūndṛṣṭvā ṛṣayaste tapodhanāḥ ,
ūcuḥ śakraṁ samāgamya nāyaṁ yajñavidhiḥ śubhaḥ.

12. tataḥ dīnān paśūn dṛṣṭvā ṛṣayaḥ te tapodhanāḥ
ūcuḥ śakram samāgamya na ayam yajñavidhiḥ śubhaḥ

12. Then, having seen those distressed animals, those sages, whose wealth was spiritual discipline (tapas), approached Indra and said, "This procedure for a Vedic ritual (yajña) is not proper."

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

• दीनान् (dīnān) - distressed, miserable, wretched

• पशून् (paśūn) - animals, beasts

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - sages, seers

• ते (te) - those

• तपोधनाः (tapodhanāḥ) - whose wealth was spiritual discipline (tapas) (whose wealth is austerity, rich in penance)

• ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they said

• शक्रम् (śakram) - to Indra

• समागम्य (samāgamya) - having approached, having met

• न (na) - not

• अयम् (ayam) - this

• यज्ञविधिः (yajñavidhiḥ) - this procedure for a Vedic ritual (yajña) (method of Vedic ritual (yajña), rule of sacrifice)

• शुभः (śubhaḥ) - auspicious, good, beautiful

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

(indeclinable)

Indeclinable formed from pronominal stem tad.

दीनान् (dīnān) - distressed, miserable, wretched

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of dīna

dīna - distressed, wretched, poor, sad

From √dī (to languish).

Root: dī (class 4)

Note: Modifies paśūn.

पशून् (paśūn) - animals, beasts

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of paśu

paśu - animal, cattle, beast

Note: Object of dṛṣṭvā.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Root √dṛś.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Absolutive (Gerund) from √dṛś.

ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - sages, seers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet

Note: Subject of ūcuḥ.

ते (te) - those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to ṛṣayaḥ.

तपोधनाः (tapodhanāḥ) - whose wealth was spiritual discipline (tapas) (whose wealth is austerity, rich in penance)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tapodhana

tapodhana - whose wealth is austerity, rich in penance, possessing the treasure of spiritual discipline

Bahuvrīhi compound: tapas (austerity/spiritual discipline) + dhana (wealth).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tapas+dhana)

• tapas – austerity, penance, spiritual discipline, heat
  noun (neuter)
• dhana – wealth, riches, property
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies ṛṣayaḥ.

ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they said

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (Lit) of vac

Reduplicated perfect (Lit) of √vac.

Root: vac (class 2)

शक्रम् (śakram) - to Indra

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śakra

śakra - Indra, mighty, powerful

Name of Indra.

Note: Object of ūcuḥ (implied).

समागम्य (samāgamya) - having approached, having met

(indeclinable)

Root samāgam.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Absolutive (Gerund) from sam + ā + √gam.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Negation particle.

अयम् (ayam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Subject (this method).

यज्ञविधिः (yajñavidhiḥ) - this procedure for a Vedic ritual (yajña) (method of Vedic ritual (yajña), rule of sacrifice)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yajñavidhi

yajñavidhi - rule of sacrifice, procedure of (yajña), sacrificial ritual method

Tatpuruṣa compound of yajña (Vedic ritual) and vidhi (rule/method).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yajña+vidhi)

• yajña – Vedic ritual, devotion, worship
  noun (masculine)
  Root: yaj (class 1)
• vidhi – rule, method, procedure, ordinance
  noun (masculine)
  From √dhā with vi prefix.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Predicate nominative with ayam and śubhaḥ.

शुभः (śubhaḥ) - auspicious, good, beautiful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śubha

śubha - auspicious, good, beautiful, bright, fortunate

Note: Modifies yajñavidhiḥ.