महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-94, verse-13

अपविज्ञानमेतत्ते महान्तं धर्ममिच्छतः ।
न हि यज्ञे पशुगणा विधिदृष्टाः पुरंदर ॥१३॥

13. apavijñānametatte mahāntaṁ dharmamicchataḥ ,
na hi yajñe paśugaṇā vidhidṛṣṭāḥ puraṁdara.

13. apavijñānam etat te mahāntam dharmam icchataḥ
na hi yajñe paśugaṇāḥ vidhidṛṣṭāḥ purandara

13. This is your misunderstanding, you who desire great righteousness (dharma). For, O Purandara, multitudes of animals are not prescribed by the sacred rules for a Vedic ritual (yajña).

Words meanings summery:

• अपविज्ञानम् (apavijñānam) - misunderstanding (wrong understanding, incorrect knowledge)

• एतत् (etat) - this

• ते (te) - your, to you

• महान्तम् (mahāntam) - great, large, mighty

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - righteousness (dharma) (natural law (dharma), righteousness, duty, virtue)

• इच्छतः (icchataḥ) - desiring, wishing, wanting

• न (na) - not

• हि (hi) - indeed, for

• यज्ञे (yajñe) - in a Vedic ritual (yajña)

• पशुगणाः (paśugaṇāḥ) - multitudes of animals, groups of animals

• विधिदृष्टाः (vidhidṛṣṭāḥ) - prescribed by the sacred rules (prescribed by rules, seen by ordinances)

• पुरन्दर (purandara) - O Destroyer of cities

Words meanings and morphology

अपविज्ञानम् (apavijñānam) - misunderstanding (wrong understanding, incorrect knowledge)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of apavijñāna

apavijñāna - wrong understanding, false knowledge, incorrect perception

Compound of apa (bad, wrong) and vijñāna (knowledge, understanding).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (apa+vijñāna)

• apa – away, off, wrong, bad
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating negation or separation.
• vijñāna – knowledge, understanding, discernment, science
  noun (neuter)
  From vi + √jñā + ana.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'is'.

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Note: Refers to the concept being discussed.

ते (te) - your, to you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Pronominal stem.

Note: Possessive, refers to Indra. Can also be dative.

महान्तम् (mahāntam) - great, large, mighty

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, extensive

Note: Modifies dharmam.

धर्मम् (dharmam) - righteousness (dharma) (natural law (dharma), righteousness, duty, virtue)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, righteousness, duty, virtue, constitution

From √dhṛ (to uphold, support).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of icchataḥ.

इच्छतः (icchataḥ) - desiring, wishing, wanting

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of icchat

iṣ - to wish, to desire, to want

Root √iṣ (6th class).

Root: iṣ (class 6)

Note: Present Active Participle, masculine singular genitive, modifying te (your).

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Negation particle.

हि (hi) - indeed, for

(indeclinable)

Emphatic and causal particle.

यज्ञे (yajñe) - in a Vedic ritual (yajña)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of yajña

yajña - Vedic ritual, devotion, worship

Root: yaj (class 1)

पशुगणाः (paśugaṇāḥ) - multitudes of animals, groups of animals

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of paśugaṇa

paśugaṇa - multitude of animals, collection of beasts

Tatpuruṣa compound of paśu (animal) and gaṇa (multitude, group).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (paśu+gaṇa)

• paśu – animal, cattle, beast
  noun (masculine)
• gaṇa – multitude, group, host, troop
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'are'.

विधिदृष्टाः (vidhidṛṣṭāḥ) - prescribed by the sacred rules (prescribed by rules, seen by ordinances)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vidhidṛṣṭa

vidhidṛṣṭa - seen by rule, prescribed by ordinance

Tatpuruṣa compound: vidhi (rule) + dṛṣṭa (seen, prescribed).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vidhi+dṛṣṭa)

• vidhi – rule, method, procedure, ordinance
  noun (masculine)
  From √dhā with vi prefix.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• dṛṣṭa – seen, perceived, prescribed, taught
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √dṛś + kta.
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Modifies paśugaṇāḥ.

पुरन्दर (purandara) - O Destroyer of cities

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of purandara

purandara - destroyer of cities (epithet of Indra)

From pura (city) + √dṛ (to tear).

Root: dṛ (class 6)

Note: An epithet for Indra.