महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-94, verse-18

तेषां विवादः सुमहाञ्जज्ञे शक्रमहर्षिणाम् ।
जङ्गमैः स्थावरैर्वापि यष्टव्यमिति भारत ॥१८॥

18. teṣāṁ vivādaḥ sumahāñjajñe śakramaharṣiṇām ,
jaṅgamaiḥ sthāvarairvāpi yaṣṭavyamiti bhārata.

18. teṣām vivādaḥ sumahān jajñe śakra maharṣiṇām
jaṅgamaiḥ sthāvaraiḥ vā api yaṣṭavyam iti bhārata

18. bhārata teṣām śakra maharṣiṇām sumahān vivādaḥ jajñe,
jaṅgamaiḥ vā api sthāvaraiḥ yaṣṭavyam iti.

18. A very great dispute arose between Indra and the great sages (maharṣis) regarding whether Vedic rituals should be performed by moving or stationary beings, O Bhārata.

Words meanings summery:

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, their

• विवादः (vivādaḥ) - dispute, debate, controversy

• सुमहान् (sumahān) - very great, exceedingly mighty

• जज्ञे (jajñe) - arose, was born, happened

• शक्र (śakra) - Indra (Indra, the mighty one)

• महर्षिणाम् (maharṣiṇām) - of the great sages

• जङ्गमैः (jaṅgamaiḥ) - by moving beings

• स्थावरैः (sthāvaraiḥ) - by stationary beings

• वा (vā) - or

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• यष्टव्यम् (yaṣṭavyam) - it should be offered, it should be worshipped, should perform a Vedic ritual

• इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, marking quotation

• भारत (bhārata) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (common address in the Mahābhārata) (O descendant of Bharata, O Bhārata)

Words meanings and morphology

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, their

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Genitive plural, masculine.

Note: Possessive, referring to 'Indra and the great sages'.

विवादः (vivādaḥ) - dispute, debate, controversy

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vivāda

vivāda - dispute, debate, controversy, quarrel

From vi-vad (to dispute, contend).

Prefix: vi

Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Subject of the verb jajñe.

सुमहान् (sumahān) - very great, exceedingly mighty

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sumahat

sumahat - very great, very mighty, immense

Intensified form of mahat with su prefix.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+mahat)

• su – good, well, very, excellent
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating excellence or ease.
• mahat – great, large, mighty, important
  adjective (neuter)

Note: Agrees with vivādaḥ.

जज्ञे (jajñe) - arose, was born, happened

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (lit) of jan

Perfect

3rd person singular perfect middle.

Root: jan (class 4)

शक्र (śakra) - Indra (Indra, the mighty one)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śakra

śakra - mighty, powerful, capable; an epithet of Indra

From root śak (to be able).

Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Part of the compound śakramaharṣiṇām in genitive plural, referring to 'Indra and the great sages'.

महर्षिणाम् (maharṣiṇām) - of the great sages

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of maharṣi

maharṣi - great sage, exalted seer

Karmadhāraya compound: mahā (great) + ṛṣi (sage).

Compound type : Karmadhāraya (mahā+ṛṣi)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective (neuter)
  Feminine stem form of mahat, but used here as the first part of a compound regardless of gender of second part.
• ṛṣi – sage, seer, inspired poet
  noun (masculine)

Note: Indicates the parties involved in the dispute, along with Indra.

जङ्गमैः (jaṅgamaiḥ) - by moving beings

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of jaṅgama

jaṅgama - moving, animate, mobile

From root gam (to go) with reduplication and intensive meaning.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Refers to living, moving creatures.

स्थावरैः (sthāvaraiḥ) - by stationary beings

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sthāvara

sthāvara - stationary, immobile, inanimate (referring to plants, mountains, etc.)

From root sthā (to stand).

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Refers to immobile entities like plants.

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

Note: Here, emphasizing the 'or'.

यष्टव्यम् (yaṣṭavyam) - it should be offered, it should be worshipped, should perform a Vedic ritual

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yaṣṭavya

yaṣṭavya - that which is to be worshipped, that which is to be offered, suitable for Vedic ritual

Gerundive (Kartavya / Tavya)

From root yaj (to worship, sacrifice) with suffix -tavya.

Root: yaj (class 1)

Note: Implies 'it is to be performed/offered'.

इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, marking quotation

(indeclinable)

Quotation particle.

भारत (bhārata) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (common address in the Mahābhārata) (O descendant of Bharata, O Bhārata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to India/Bharata

Formed from Bharata.