महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-311, verse-1

भीष्म उवाच ।
स लब्ध्वा परमं देवाद्वरं सत्यवतीसुतः ।
अरणीं त्वथ संगृह्य ममन्थाग्निचिकीर्षया ॥१॥

1. bhīṣma uvāca ,
sa labdhvā paramaṁ devādvaraṁ satyavatīsutaḥ ,
araṇīṁ tvatha saṁgṛhya mamanthāgnicikīrṣayā.

1. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca | saḥ labdhvā paramam devāt varam satyavatīsutaḥ
| araṇīm tu atha saṃgṛhya mamantha agnicikīrṣayā

1. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca saḥ satyavatīsutaḥ devāt paramam varam
labdhvā atha tu araṇīm saṃgṛhya agnicikīrṣayā mamantha

1. Bhishma spoke: 'The son of Satyavati, having received the supreme boon from the deity, then took the fire-sticks (araṇī) and churned them with the intention of producing fire.'

Words meanings summery:

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - The character Bhishma from the Mahabharata. (Bhishma)

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

• सः (saḥ) - he, that (masculine nominative singular)

• लब्ध्वा (labdhvā) - having obtained, having received

• परमम् (paramam) - supreme, highest, best

• देवात् (devāt) - from the deity, from the god

• वरम् (varam) - boon, blessing, excellent thing

• सत्यवतीसुतः (satyavatīsutaḥ) - Vyasa, son of Satyavati and Parashara. (son of Satyavati)

• अरणीम् (araṇīm) - the fire-sticks

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• अथ (atha) - then, next, thereupon

• संगृह्य (saṁgṛhya) - having taken, having grasped, having collected

• ममन्थ (mamantha) - churned, rubbed

• अग्निचिकीर्षया (agnicikīrṣayā) - with the desire to make fire, with the intention of producing fire

Words meanings and morphology

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - The character Bhishma from the Mahabharata. (Bhishma)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma, terrible, formidable

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: The speaker of the verse.

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect

3rd singular perfect active. Root irregular.

Root: vac (class 2)

सः (saḥ) - he, that (masculine nominative singular)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Pronominal stem.

Note: Refers to Vyasa, the son of Satyavati.

लब्ध्वा (labdhvā) - having obtained, having received

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root labh (to obtain).

Root: labh (class 1)

परमम् (paramam) - supreme, highest, best

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of parama

parama - most distant, highest, supreme, best

Superlative form of para.

Note: Accusative neuter singular form.

देवात् (devāt) - from the deity, from the god

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of deva

deva - god, deity, divine being

Root: div (class 4)

Note: The boon was received from the deity (Shiva).

वरम् (varam) - boon, blessing, excellent thing

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - boon, blessing, choice, excellent

From root vṛ (to choose).

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: The direct object of labdhvā.

सत्यवतीसुतः (satyavatīsutaḥ) - Vyasa, son of Satyavati and Parashara. (son of Satyavati)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of satyavatīsuta

satyavatīsuta - son of Satyavati

Tatpuruṣa compound Satyavatī (name of mother) + suta (son). suta is derived from root sū 'to give birth to'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (satyavatī+suta)

• satyavatī – Satyavati (proper name)
  proper noun (feminine)
• suta – son
  noun (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root sū (to bring forth, beget).
  Root: sū (class 2)

Note: Refers to Vyasa.

अरणीम् (araṇīm) - the fire-sticks

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of araṇi

araṇi - fire-stick (for producing fire by attrition)

Usually feminine, sometimes masculine.

Root: ṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of saṃgṛhya.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

Particle expressing contrast or emphasis.

अथ (atha) - then, next, thereupon

(indeclinable)

Conjunction/adverb.

Note: Indicates sequence of events.

संगृह्य (saṁgṛhya) - having taken, having grasped, having collected

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root grah (to seize, take) with prefix sam.

Prefix: sam

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Compound of prefix and root.

ममन्थ (mamantha) - churned, rubbed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of manth

Perfect

3rd singular perfect active.

Root: manth (class 9)

अग्निचिकीर्षया (agnicikīrṣayā) - with the desire to make fire, with the intention of producing fire

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of agnicikīrṣā

agnicikīrṣā - desire to make fire, intention of producing fire

Compound agni (fire) + cikīrṣā (desire to do/make). Cikīrṣā is a desiderative noun from kṛ (to do, make).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (agni+cikīrṣā)

• agni – fire
  noun (masculine)
• cikīrṣā – desire to do, intention to make
  noun (feminine)
  Desiderative noun from root kṛ (to do/make).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: The purpose or means of churning.