महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-227, verse-24

वर्तते तेषु गृहवानक्रुध्यन्ननसूयकः ।
पञ्चभिः सततं यज्ञैर्विघसाशी यजेत च ॥२४॥

24. vartate teṣu gṛhavānakrudhyannanasūyakaḥ ,
pañcabhiḥ satataṁ yajñairvighasāśī yajeta ca.

24. vartate teṣu gṛhavān akrudhyan anasūyakaḥ
pañcabhiḥ satatam yajñaiḥ vighasāśī yajeta ca

24. gṛhavān teṣu akrudhyan anasūyakaḥ vartate
pañcabhiḥ yajñaiḥ satatam yajeta ca vighasāśī

24. A householder (gṛhavān) should live among people, free from anger and envy. He should constantly perform the five daily Vedic rituals (yajña) and partake only of the remnants of the offerings.

Words meanings summery:

• वर्तते (vartate) - should live, should behave (dwells, exists, happens, acts)

• तेषु (teṣu) - among people (in them, among them)

• गृहवान् (gṛhavān) - a family man fulfilling his duties (householder, one who has a house)

• अक्रुध्यन् (akrudhyan) - being free from anger (not getting angry, not being angry)

• अनसूयकः (anasūyakaḥ) - being free from envy (not envious, not fault-finding)

• पञ्चभिः (pañcabhiḥ) - with the five great daily Vedic rituals (by five, with five)

• सततम् (satatam) - continuously (constantly, perpetually, always)

• यज्ञैः (yajñaiḥ) - by performing the specified Vedic rituals (yajña) (by Vedic rituals, by offerings)

• विघसाशी (vighasāśī) - partaking only of the remnants of offerings after feeding gods and guests (one who eats remnants, one who consumes the leavings)

• यजेत (yajeta) - should perform Vedic rituals (yajña) (should worship, should perform Vedic rituals)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

Words meanings and morphology

वर्तते (vartate) - should live, should behave (dwells, exists, happens, acts)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vṛt

Present Tense, Middle Voice

Root 'vṛt' (class 1, bhvādi), atmanepada, present indicative.

Root: vṛt (class 1)

तेषु (teṣu) - among people (in them, among them)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine/neuter, plural of tad

tad - that, those

गृहवान् (gṛhavān) - a family man fulfilling his duties (householder, one who has a house)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gṛhavat

gṛhavat - possessing a house, householder

Derived from 'gṛha' (house) + 'vat' suffix (possessing).

अक्रुध्यन् (akrudhyan) - being free from anger (not getting angry, not being angry)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of akrudhyat

akrudhyat - not getting angry

Present Active Participle

Derived from 'a-' (negation) + root 'krudh' (to be angry) + 'śatṛ' (present active participle suffix).

Compound type : pra-ādi compound (a+krudh)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• krudh – to be angry, to get angry
  verb
  Present Active Participle stem
  From root 'krudh' (class 4).
  Root: krudh (class 4)

अनसूयकः (anasūyakaḥ) - being free from envy (not envious, not fault-finding)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anasūyaka

anasūyaka - not envious, not censuring

Derived from 'a-' (negation) + 'asūyaka' (envious, fault-finding). 'asūyaka' itself from 'asūyā' (envy) + 'ka' (agent suffix).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+asūyaka)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• asūyaka – envious, censorious, fault-finding
  adjective/noun (masculine)
  From root 'sūy' with prefix 'a' (as in 'asūyā' envy, malice) + agent suffix 'aka'.
  Prefix: a
  Root: sūy (class 10)

पञ्चभिः (pañcabhiḥ) - with the five great daily Vedic rituals (by five, with five)

(numeral)

सततम् (satatam) - continuously (constantly, perpetually, always)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form of 'satata'.

यज्ञैः (yajñaiḥ) - by performing the specified Vedic rituals (yajña) (by Vedic rituals, by offerings)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of yajña

yajña - Vedic ritual, offering, worship

From root 'yaj' (to worship, offer) + 'na' suffix.

Root: yaj (class 1)

विघसाशी (vighasāśī) - partaking only of the remnants of offerings after feeding gods and guests (one who eats remnants, one who consumes the leavings)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vighasāśin

vighasāśin - eating the remnants of a Vedic ritual meal, one who eats the food left over after offering to gods/guests

Compound of 'vighasa' (remnants of an offering or meal) + 'āśin' (eater). 'āśin' from root 'aś' (to eat).

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (vighasa+āśin)

• vighasa – remnants of a meal, especially after offering to gods or guests
  noun (masculine/neuter)
  From 'vi' + root 'ghas' (to eat).
  Prefix: vi
  Root: ghas (class 1)
• āśin – eater, one who eats
  adjective/noun (masculine)
  From root 'aś' (to eat) + 'in' suffix.
  Root: aś (class 9)

यजेत (yajeta) - should perform Vedic rituals (yajña) (should worship, should perform Vedic rituals)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (vidhiliṅ) of yaj

Optative Mood

Root 'yaj' (class 1, bhvādi), atmanepada, optative mood.

Root: yaj (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)