महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-227, verse-12

काममन्यूद्धतं यत्स्यान्नित्यमत्यन्तमोहितम् ।
महता विधिदृष्टेन बलेनाप्रतिघातिना ।
स्वभावस्रोतसा वृत्तमुह्यते सततं जगत् ॥१२॥

12. kāmamanyūddhataṁ yatsyānnityamatyantamohitam ,
mahatā vidhidṛṣṭena balenāpratighātinā ,
svabhāvasrotasā vṛttamuhyate satataṁ jagat.

12. kāma-manyu-uddhatam yat syāt nityam
atyanta-mohitam | mahatā vidhi-dṛṣṭena
balena apratighātinā |
svabhāva-srotasā vṛttam uhyate satatam jagat

12. yat kāma-manyu-uddhatam syāt nityam atyanta-mohitam,
(tat) mahatā vidhi-dṛṣṭena apratighātinā balena,
svabhāva-srotasā vṛttam,
jagat satatam uhyate

12. That which is agitated by desire (kāma) and anger (manyu), and is perpetually and utterly deluded, is continuously carried away by the powerful, divinely ordained, irresistible force (balena) of its intrinsic nature (svabhāva) that flows like a current. The world (jagat) is swept along by this stream of its own constitution (svabhāva).

Words meanings summery:

• काम-मन्यु-उद्धतम् (kāma-manyu-uddhatam) - agitated by desire (kāma) and anger (manyu) (agitated by desire and anger)

• यत् (yat) - that which (which, what, that)

• स्यात् (syāt) - may be, is (may be, should be, would be)

• नित्यम् (nityam) - perpetually (perpetually, constantly, always)

• अत्यन्त-मोहितम् (atyanta-mohitam) - utterly deluded (utterly deluded, extremely bewildered)

• महता (mahatā) - by the powerful (by a great, by a mighty)

• विधि-दृष्टेन (vidhi-dṛṣṭena) - divinely ordained (seen by ordinance, prescribed by rule, divinely ordained)

• बलेन (balena) - by the force (by force, by power, by strength)

• अप्रतिघातिना (apratighātinā) - irresistible (by an irresistible, unopposable, undefeated)

• स्वभाव-स्रोतसा (svabhāva-srotasā) - by the force of its intrinsic nature (svabhāva) that flows like a current (by the current of nature, by the stream of one's own constitution)

• वृत्तम् (vṛttam) - existing, involved (happened, occurred, existing, engaged in)

• उह्यते (uhyate) - is carried away, is swept along (is carried, is borne along, is swept away)

• सततम् (satatam) - continuously (constantly, always, perpetually)

• जगत् (jagat) - the world (jagat) (the world, universe, all that moves)

Words meanings and morphology

काम-मन्यु-उद्धतम् (kāma-manyu-uddhatam) - agitated by desire (kāma) and anger (manyu) (agitated by desire and anger)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kāma-manyu-uddhata

kāma-manyu-uddhata - agitated/roused by desire and anger

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kāma+manyu+uddhata)

• kāma – desire, lust, love, wish
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kam (class 1)
• manyu – anger, wrath, passion
  noun (masculine)
• uddhata – agitated, arrogant, fierce, lifted up
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From `ud-han` (to strike up, agitate)
  Prefix: ud
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Predicative adjective for `yat`.

यत् (yat) - that which (which, what, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that (relative pronoun)

Note: Referring to `jagat`.

स्यात् (syāt) - may be, is (may be, should be, would be)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of as

Optative 3rd singular

Root: as (class 2)

नित्यम् (nityam) - perpetually (perpetually, constantly, always)

(indeclinable)

Accusative neuter singular used adverbially

Note: It functions as an adverb here.

अत्यन्त-मोहितम् (atyanta-mohitam) - utterly deluded (utterly deluded, extremely bewildered)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of atyanta-mohita

atyanta-mohita - utterly deluded, extremely bewildered

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (atyanta+mohita)

• atyanta – excessive, extreme, ultimate
  adjective (neuter)
  Prefix: ati
  Root: ant (class 1)
• mohita – deluded, bewildered, confused
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `muh` (to be bewildered)
  Root: muh (class 4)

Note: Predicative adjective for `yat`.

महता (mahatā) - by the powerful (by a great, by a mighty)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, mighty, large, eminent

Note: Modifies `balena`.

विधि-दृष्टेन (vidhi-dṛṣṭena) - divinely ordained (seen by ordinance, prescribed by rule, divinely ordained)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vidhi-dṛṣṭa

vidhi-dṛṣṭa - seen by ordinance, prescribed by rule, lawful

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vidhi+dṛṣṭa)

• vidhi – rule, ordinance, destiny, fate, divine law
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• dṛṣṭa – seen, observed, perceived, apparent
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `dṛś` (to see)
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Modifies `balena`.

बलेन (balena) - by the force (by force, by power, by strength)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of bala

bala - force, power, strength, army

Note: `bala` is neuter, but here it acts as a masculine or neuter adjective modifying an implied 'force' or 'power' when used with other adjectives. It is itself a neuter noun in the instrumental.

अप्रतिघातिना (apratighātinā) - irresistible (by an irresistible, unopposable, undefeated)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of apratighātin

apratighātin - irresistible, unopposable, undefeated, not obstructing

Negative prefix `a` + `pratighātin` (obstructing, opposing)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+pratighātin)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• pratighātin – obstructing, opposing, resisting
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun from `prati-han` (to strike against, oppose)
  Prefix: prati
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Modifies `balena`.

स्वभाव-स्रोतसा (svabhāva-srotasā) - by the force of its intrinsic nature (svabhāva) that flows like a current (by the current of nature, by the stream of one's own constitution)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of svabhāva-srotas

svabhāva-srotas - current of nature, stream of one's own constitution

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (svabhāva+srotas)

• svabhāva – own being, intrinsic nature, essential quality, constitution
  noun (masculine)
• srotas – stream, current, flow
  noun (neuter)
  Root: sru (class 1)

Note: Used here metaphorically as the 'force' or 'current' that carries things.

वृत्तम् (vṛttam) - existing, involved (happened, occurred, existing, engaged in)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vṛtta

vṛtta - happened, occurred, existed, engaged in, rounded

Past Passive Participle

From root `vṛt` (to be, to exist, to turn)

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Predicative adjective for `jagat`.

उह्यते (uhyate) - is carried away, is swept along (is carried, is borne along, is swept away)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of vah

Present Passive 3rd singular

Root: vah (class 1)

सततम् (satatam) - continuously (constantly, always, perpetually)

(indeclinable)

Accusative neuter singular used adverbially

Note: Functions as an adverb here.

जगत् (jagat) - the world (jagat) (the world, universe, all that moves)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jagat

jagat - the world, universe, all that moves, living beings

Present Active Participle (nom. sing. neuter) from `gam` (to go), used as a noun.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Subject of `uhyate`.