महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-16, verse-24

एतां बुद्धिं विनिश्चित्य भूतानामागतिं गतिम् ।
पितृपैतामहे वृत्ते शाधि राज्यं यथोचितम् ॥२४॥

24. etāṁ buddhiṁ viniścitya bhūtānāmāgatiṁ gatim ,
pitṛpaitāmahe vṛtte śādhi rājyaṁ yathocitam.

24. etām buddhim viniścitya bhūtānām āgatim gatim
pitṛpaitāmahe vṛtte śādhi rājyam yathāucitam

24. etām buddhim,
bhūtānām āgatim (ca) gatim (ca) viniścitya,
pitṛpaitāmahe vṛtte (anurūpam) yathāucitam rājyam śādhi.

24. Having thoroughly ascertained this understanding (buddhi) of the origin and destiny of beings, rule the kingdom (rājya) appropriately, in accordance with the ancestral tradition (vṛtta).

Words meanings summery:

• एताम् (etām) - this (this, this one)

• बुद्धिम् (buddhim) - understanding (buddhi) (intellect, understanding, discernment)

• विनिश्चित्य (viniścitya) - having thoroughly ascertained (having determined, having ascertained, having decided)

• भूतानाम् (bhūtānām) - of beings (of beings, of creatures, of elements)

• आगतिम् (āgatim) - origin (coming, approach, origin)

• गतिम् (gatim) - destiny (going, movement, destiny, state, salvation)

• पितृपैतामहे (pitṛpaitāmahe) - in the ancestral tradition (in the ancestral, in the tradition of fathers and grandfathers)

• वृत्ते (vṛtte) - in the tradition (in the conduct, in the custom, in the tradition, in the behavior)

• शाधि (śādhi) - rule (rule, govern, instruct, command)

• राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom (rājya) (kingdom, dominion, sovereignty)

• यथाउचितम् (yathāucitam) - appropriately (as is proper, appropriately, justly)

Words meanings and morphology

एताम् (etām) - this (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Note: Agrees with 'buddhim'.

बुद्धिम् (buddhim) - understanding (buddhi) (intellect, understanding, discernment)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of buddhi

buddhi - intellect, understanding, perception, discrimination

From root 'budh' (to know, understand).

Root: budh (class 1)

विनिश्चित्य (viniścitya) - having thoroughly ascertained (having determined, having ascertained, having decided)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

From root 'ci' (to collect) with prefixes 'vi-' and 'ni-'.

Prefixes: vi+ni

Root: ci (class 5)

भूतानाम् (bhūtānām) - of beings (of beings, of creatures, of elements)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of bhūta

bhūta - being, creature, element, past

Past Passive Participle (used as noun)

From root 'bhū' (to be, to become).

Root: bhū (class 1)

आगतिम् (āgatim) - origin (coming, approach, origin)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of āgati

āgati - coming, arrival, origin, rebirth

From root 'gam' (to go) with prefix 'ā-' (towards).

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Paired with 'gatim'.

गतिम् (gatim) - destiny (going, movement, destiny, state, salvation)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gati

gati - going, movement, path, destination, destiny, state, salvation

From root 'gam' (to go).

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Paired with 'āgatim'.

पितृपैतामहे (pitṛpaitāmahe) - in the ancestral tradition (in the ancestral, in the tradition of fathers and grandfathers)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of pitṛpaitāmaha

pitṛpaitāmaha - pertaining to fathers and grandfathers, hereditary, ancestral

Dvanda compound of 'pitṛ' (father) and 'paitāmaha' (grandfather's).

Compound type : dvandva (pitṛ+paitāmaha)

• pitṛ – father, ancestor
  noun (masculine)
• paitāmaha – of a grandfather, ancestral
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from 'pitāmaha' (grandfather).

Note: Agrees with 'vṛtte'.

वृत्ते (vṛtte) - in the tradition (in the conduct, in the custom, in the tradition, in the behavior)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vṛtta

vṛtta - conduct, course of action, behavior, tradition, established usage

Past Passive Participle (used as noun)

From root 'vṛt' (to be, to exist, to proceed).

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Could be masculine or neuter in locative singular, here treated as neuter based on 'pitṛpaitāmahe'.

शाधि (śādhi) - rule (rule, govern, instruct, command)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śās

Imperative active, 2nd person singular

Root 'śās' (to rule), Parasmaipada, 2nd class (irregular imperative).

Root: śās (class 2)

Note: Archaic or Vedic imperative form.

राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom (rājya) (kingdom, dominion, sovereignty)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, sovereignty, rule, realm

From 'rājan' (king).

यथाउचितम् (yathāucitam) - appropriately (as is proper, appropriately, justly)

(indeclinable)

Compound of 'yathā' (as, according to) and 'ucita' (proper, suitable).

Compound type : avyayībhāva / karmadhāraya (yathā+ucita)

• yathā – as, like, according to, in which manner
  indeclinable
• ucita – proper, suitable, appropriate, fit
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle (used as adjective)
  From root 'vac' (to speak) or 'uc' (to be pleased), but commonly taken as 'proper'.

Note: Functions as an adverb modifying 'śādhi'.