महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-16, verse-21

यत्र नास्ति शरैः कार्यं न मित्रैर्न च बन्धुभिः ।
आत्मनैकेन योद्धव्यं तत्ते युद्धमुपस्थितम् ॥२१॥

21. yatra nāsti śaraiḥ kāryaṁ na mitrairna ca bandhubhiḥ ,
ātmanaikena yoddhavyaṁ tatte yuddhamupasthitam.

21. yatra na asti śaraiḥ kāryam na mitraiḥ na ca bandhubhiḥ
ātmanā ekena yoddhavyam tat te yuddham upasthitam

21. yatra śaraiḥ na kāryam,
na mitraiḥ,
na ca bandhubhiḥ (asti),
tat yuddham ātmanā ekena yoddhavyam.
tat te upasthitam (asti).

21. Where arrows, friends, or relatives are of no use, that battle (yuddha) must be fought by oneself alone; such a struggle has now presented itself to you.

Words meanings summery:

• यत्र (yatra) - where (where, in which, whenever)

• न (na) - not (not, no, nor)

• अस्ति (asti) - is (is, exists)

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows

• कार्यम् (kāryam) - work, task (work, duty, action, what is to be done)

• न (na) - nor (not, no, nor)

• मित्रैः (mitraiḥ) - by friends

• न (na) - nor (not, no, nor)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• बन्धुभिः (bandhubhiḥ) - by relatives (by relatives, by kinsfolk)

• आत्मना (ātmanā) - by oneself (by oneself, by the self (ātman))

• एकेन (ekena) - alone (by one, by alone)

• योद्धव्यम् (yoddhavyam) - must be fought (to be fought, should be fought)

• तत् (tat) - that (referring to 'yuddham') (that, it)

• ते (te) - to you (to you, for you, your)

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - struggle, battle (yuddha) (battle, fight, war)

• उपस्थितम् (upasthitam) - has presented itself, is at hand (present, arrived, at hand, obtained)

Words meanings and morphology

यत्र (yatra) - where (where, in which, whenever)

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'ya' (which) + 'tra' suffix.

न (na) - not (not, no, nor)

(indeclinable)

अस्ति (asti) - is (is, exists)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of as

Present active indicative, 3rd person singular

Root 'as' (to be), Parasmaipada, 2nd conjugation.

Root: as (class 2)

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed

कार्यम् (kāryam) - work, task (work, duty, action, what is to be done)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kārya

kārya - to be done, duty, action, purpose

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle

From root 'kṛ' (to do) with suffix '-ya'.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

न (na) - nor (not, no, nor)

(indeclinable)

मित्रैः (mitraiḥ) - by friends

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mitra

mitra - friend, companion, sun

न (na) - nor (not, no, nor)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Note: When used with 'na' (na... ca), it means 'neither... nor'.

बन्धुभिः (bandhubhiḥ) - by relatives (by relatives, by kinsfolk)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bandhu

bandhu - relative, kinsman, friend

आत्मना (ātmanā) - by oneself (by oneself, by the self (ātman))

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, life, essence

एकेन (ekena) - alone (by one, by alone)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, single, alone, unique

Note: Agrees with 'ātmanā'.

योद्धव्यम् (yoddhavyam) - must be fought (to be fought, should be fought)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yoddhavya

yoddhavya - to be fought, fit to be fought

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle

From root 'yudh' (to fight) with suffix '-tavya'.

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'yuddham'.

तत् (tat) - that (referring to 'yuddham') (that, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, it

ते (te) - to you (to you, for you, your)

(pronoun)

singular of tvad

tvad - you

Note: Enclitic form of 2nd person pronoun, dative or genitive singular. Here dative.

युद्धम् (yuddham) - struggle, battle (yuddha) (battle, fight, war)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

Past Passive Participle (used as noun)

From root 'yudh' (to fight).

Root: yudh (class 4)

उपस्थितम् (upasthitam) - has presented itself, is at hand (present, arrived, at hand, obtained)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of upasthita

upasthita - present, arrived, standing near, ready

Past Passive Participle

From root 'sthā' (to stand) with prefix 'upa'.

Prefix: upa

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'yuddham'.