महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-108, verse-7

यथा गणाः प्रवर्धन्ते न भिद्यन्ते च भारत ।
अरीन्हि विजिगीषन्ते सुहृदः प्राप्नुवन्ति च ॥७॥

7. yathā gaṇāḥ pravardhante na bhidyante ca bhārata ,
arīnhi vijigīṣante suhṛdaḥ prāpnuvanti ca.

7. yathā gaṇāḥ pravardhante na bhidyante ca bhārata
arīn hi vijigīṣante suhṛdaḥ prāpnuvanti ca

7. bhārata yathā gaṇāḥ pravardhante ca na bhidyante
hi arīn vijigīṣante ca suhṛdaḥ prāpnuvanti

7. O Bhārata, (I wish to hear) how the assemblies (gaṇa) prosper and are not divided, and indeed, how they seek to conquer enemies and acquire friends.

Words meanings summery:

• यथा (yathā) - how (how, as, in which manner)

• गणाः (gaṇāḥ) - the assemblies (gaṇa) (groups, assemblies, multitudes)

• प्रवर्धन्ते (pravardhante) - they prosper (they prosper, they grow, they increase)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• भिद्यन्ते (bhidyante) - are divided (they are divided, they are split, they are broken)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (O descendant of Bharata, O Bhārata)

• अरीन् (arīn) - enemies

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, for, because)

• विजिगीषन्ते (vijigīṣante) - they wish to conquer (they wish to conquer, they desire to overcome)

• सुहृदः (suhṛdaḥ) - friends (friends, well-wishers)

• प्राप्नुवन्ति (prāpnuvanti) - they gain (they obtain, they acquire, they reach)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

Words meanings and morphology

यथा (yathā) - how (how, as, in which manner)

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a subordinate clause expressing manner.

गणाः (gaṇāḥ) - the assemblies (gaṇa) (groups, assemblies, multitudes)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of gaṇa

gaṇa - group, assembly, multitude, troop, class (of verbs)

Note: Subject of pravardhante and bhidyante.

प्रवर्धन्ते (pravardhante) - they prosper (they prosper, they grow, they increase)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of vṛdh

Present Middle Indicative

From root vṛdh (to grow, increase) with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Reflects the prosperity of the subject.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the following verb.

भिद्यन्ते (bhidyante) - are divided (they are divided, they are split, they are broken)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, present (laṭ) of bhid

Present Passive Indicative

From root bhid (to break, split), passive form

Root: bhid (class 7)

Note: Denotes lack of division.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects pravardhante and na bhidyante.

भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (O descendant of Bharata, O Bhārata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata, India

अरीन् (arīn) - enemies

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ari

ari - enemy, foe, rival

Note: Direct object of vijigīṣante.

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, for, because)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic.

विजिगीषन्ते (vijigīṣante) - they wish to conquer (they wish to conquer, they desire to overcome)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of vijigīṣ

Desiderative Present Middle Indicative

Desiderative stem of root ji (to conquer) with prefix vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Desiderative verb.

सुहृदः (suhṛdaḥ) - friends (friends, well-wishers)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of suhṛd

suhṛd - friend, well-wisher, good-hearted

Compound of su (good) and hṛd (heart)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+hṛd)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• hṛd – heart, mind, soul
  noun (neuter)

Note: Direct object of prāpnuvanti.

प्राप्नुवन्ति (prāpnuvanti) - they gain (they obtain, they acquire, they reach)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of āp

Present Active Indicative

From root āp (to obtain) with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Denotes acquiring friends.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects vijigīṣante and prāpnuvanti.