महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-108, verse-30

जात्या च सदृशाः सर्वे कुलेन सदृशास्तथा ।
न तु शौर्येण बुद्ध्या वा रूपद्रव्येण वा पुनः ॥३०॥

30. jātyā ca sadṛśāḥ sarve kulena sadṛśāstathā ,
na tu śauryeṇa buddhyā vā rūpadravyeṇa vā punaḥ.

30. jātyā ca sadṛśāḥ sarve kulena sadṛśāḥ tathā na
tu śauryeṇa buddhyā vā rūpadravyeṇa vā punaḥ

30. sarve jātyā ca kulena sadṛśāḥ tathā,
tu śauryeṇa buddhyā vā rūpadravyeṇa vā punaḥ na

30. All are similar by birth and lineage, but they are not (similar) in valor, intelligence, or beauty and wealth.

Words meanings summery:

• जात्या (jātyā) - by birth, by origin, by class/caste

• च (ca) - and

• सदृशाः (sadṛśāḥ) - similar, equal, like

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

• कुलेन (kulena) - by family, by lineage

• सदृशाः (sadṛśāḥ) - similar, equal, like

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, also, in the same way

• न (na) - not

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand

• शौर्येण (śauryeṇa) - by valor, by heroism

• बुद्ध्या (buddhyā) - by intelligence, by intellect

• वा (vā) - or

• रूपद्रव्येण (rūpadravyeṇa) - by beauty and wealth

• वा (vā) - or

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, moreover, but, on the other hand

Words meanings and morphology

जात्या (jātyā) - by birth, by origin, by class/caste

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of jāti

jāti - birth, lineage, species, class, caste

From root 'jan' (to be born) + suffix 'ti'.

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Indicates the means or basis of similarity.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

सदृशाः (sadṛśāḥ) - similar, equal, like

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sadṛśa

sadṛśa - similar, like, equal, resembling

From 'sa' (with) + 'dṛś' (appearance).

Note: Agrees with 'sarve'.

सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'are'.

कुलेन (kulena) - by family, by lineage

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of kula

kula - family, lineage, race, community

Note: Parallel to 'jātyā'.

सदृशाः (sadṛśāḥ) - similar, equal, like

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sadṛśa

sadṛśa - similar, like, equal, resembling

From 'sa' (with) + 'dṛś' (appearance).

Note: Agrees with 'sarve'.

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, also, in the same way

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

शौर्येण (śauryeṇa) - by valor, by heroism

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of śaurya

śaurya - valor, heroism, bravery, prowess

Derived from 'śūra' (hero).

Note: Parallel to 'jātyā' and 'kulena', indicating the basis of dissimilarity.

बुद्ध्या (buddhyā) - by intelligence, by intellect

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of buddhi

buddhi - intelligence, intellect, understanding, perception

From root 'budh' (to know, understand) + suffix 'ti'.

Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Parallel to 'śauryeṇa'.

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

रूपद्रव्येण (rūpadravyeṇa) - by beauty and wealth

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of rūpadravya

rūpadravya - beauty and wealth

Compound type : dvandva (rūpa+dravya)

• rūpa – form, shape, beauty, appearance
  noun (neuter)
• dravya – substance, object, wealth, money
  noun (neuter)
  Root: dru (class 1)

Note: Used as a singular noun representing the collective concept of beauty and wealth.

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, moreover, but, on the other hand

(indeclinable)