महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-97, verse-25

शंतनोरपि संतानं यथा स्यादक्षयं भुवि ।
तत्ते धर्मं प्रवक्ष्यामि क्षात्रं राज्ञि सनातनम् ॥२५॥

25. śaṁtanorapi saṁtānaṁ yathā syādakṣayaṁ bhuvi ,
tatte dharmaṁ pravakṣyāmi kṣātraṁ rājñi sanātanam.

25. śantanoḥ api saṃtānam yathā syāt akṣayam bhuvi
tat te dharmam pravakṣyāmi kṣātram rājñi sanātanam

25. So that Shantanu's lineage may remain imperishable on earth, therefore, O Queen, I will explain to you that eternal natural law (dharma) pertaining to a kshatriya (kṣatriya).

Words meanings summery:

• शन्तनोः (śantanoḥ) - of Shantanu

• अपि (api) - also, even

• संतानम् (saṁtānam) - lineage, progeny, continuity

• यथा (yathā) - so that, as, just as

• स्यात् (syāt) - may be, should be, would be

• अक्षयम् (akṣayam) - imperishable, undiminished, inexhaustible

• भुवि (bhuvi) - on earth, in the world

• तत् (tat) - therefore, that, for that reason

• ते (te) - to you, your

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - duty, natural law, righteousness

• प्रवक्ष्यामि (pravakṣyāmi) - I will declare, I will explain, I will speak

• क्षात्रम् (kṣātram) - pertaining to a kshatriya, warrior's

• राज्ञि (rājñi) - O Queen!

• सनातनम् (sanātanam) - eternal, everlasting, ancient

Words meanings and morphology

शन्तनोः (śantanoḥ) - of Shantanu

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śantanu

śantanu - Shantanu (a king of the Kuru dynasty, father of Bhishma)

Note: Possessive, referring to 'saṃtānam'.

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

Particle.

Note: Emphasizes 'śantanoḥ saṃtānam'.

संतानम् (saṁtānam) - lineage, progeny, continuity

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of saṃtāna

saṁtāna - lineage, progeny, offspring, continuity, extension

From prefix sam- and √tan (to stretch, extend).

Prefix: sam

Root: tan (class 8)

यथा (yathā) - so that, as, just as

(indeclinable)

Relates to 'tat'.

स्यात् (syāt) - may be, should be, would be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of as

Optative (Liṅ)

Second conjugation verb, third person singular.

Root: as (class 2)

अक्षयम् (akṣayam) - imperishable, undiminished, inexhaustible

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of akṣaya

akṣaya - imperishable, undiminished, inexhaustible

Compound of 'a' (negation) and 'kṣaya' (perishing, diminishing).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+kṣaya)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative particle.
• kṣaya – perishing, loss, destruction, waste
  noun (masculine)
  From √kṣi (to perish, diminish).
  Root: kṣi (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'saṃtānam'.

भुवि (bhuvi) - on earth, in the world

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhū

bhū - earth, ground, world

Also means "to be". Here, noun.

Note: Indicates location.

तत् (tat) - therefore, that, for that reason

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, therefore, so, then

Used here as an adverbial connective, meaning 'therefore'.

ते (te) - to you, your

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Pronominal stem for second person.

Note: Indirect object of 'pravakṣyāmi'.

धर्मम् (dharmam) - duty, natural law, righteousness

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue, custom, religion

From √dhṛ (to uphold, support) with suffix -man.

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'pravakṣyāmi'.

प्रवक्ष्यामि (pravakṣyāmi) - I will declare, I will explain, I will speak

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of pravac

Future (Lṛṭ)

From prefix pra- and √vac (to speak). First person singular future tense.

Prefix: pra

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: The speaker is Bhishma.

क्षात्रम् (kṣātram) - pertaining to a kshatriya, warrior's

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṣātra

kṣātra - pertaining to a kshatriya, warrior-like, royal

Derived from kṣatra (rule, dominion, warrior class).

Note: Agrees with 'dharmam'.

राज्ञि (rājñi) - O Queen!

(noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of rājñī

rājñī - queen, princess

Feminine of rājan.

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Repeated address to the Queen.

सनातनम् (sanātanam) - eternal, everlasting, ancient

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sanātana

sanātana - eternal, everlasting, ancient, perpetual

From sanā (always) + tana suffix.

Note: Agrees with 'dharmam'.