महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-97, verse-24

राज्ञि धर्मानवेक्षस्व मा नः सर्वान्व्यनीनशः ।
सत्याच्च्युतिः क्षत्रियस्य न धर्मेषु प्रशस्यते ॥२४॥

24. rājñi dharmānavekṣasva mā naḥ sarvānvyanīnaśaḥ ,
satyāccyutiḥ kṣatriyasya na dharmeṣu praśasyate.

24. rājñi dharmān avekṣasva mā naḥ sarvān vyanīnaśaḥ
satyāt cyutiḥ kṣatriyasya na dharmeṣu praśasyate

24. O Queen, reflect upon your (natural) duties (dharma); do not bring destruction upon all of us. For a kshatriya (kṣatriya), a deviation from truth (satya) is never praised within the principles of natural law (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

• राज्ञि (rājñi) - O Queen!

• धर्मान् (dharmān) - duties, natural laws, virtues, principles

• अवेक्षस्व (avekṣasva) - observe, consider, reflect upon, look to

• मा (mā) - do not, not

• नः (naḥ) - us, to us, our

• सर्वान् (sarvān) - all, everyone

• व्यनीनशः (vyanīnaśaḥ) - you caused to perish, you destroyed

• सत्यात् (satyāt) - from truth, from faithfulness

• च्युतिः (cyutiḥ) - deviation, fall, departure, lapse

• क्षत्रियस्य (kṣatriyasya) - of a kshatriya, belonging to a kshatriya

• न (na) - not

• धर्मेषु (dharmeṣu) - in matters of natural law (among natural laws, in duties, in the scriptures on natural law)

• प्रशस्यते (praśasyate) - is praised, is commended, is laudable

Words meanings and morphology

राज्ञि (rājñi) - O Queen!

(noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of rājñī

rājñī - queen, princess, wife of a king

Feminine form of rājan (king).

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Bhishma addressing Satyavatī.

धर्मान् (dharmān) - duties, natural laws, virtues, principles

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue, custom, religion

From √dhṛ (to uphold, support) with suffix -man.

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'avekṣasva'.

अवेक्षस्व (avekṣasva) - observe, consider, reflect upon, look to

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of avekṣ

Imperative (Loṭ)

From prefix ava- and √īkṣ (to see, look). Middle voice, second person singular.

Prefix: ava

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Command to the Queen.

मा (mā) - do not, not

(indeclinable)

Used with aorist or imperative to express prohibition.

Note: Prohibitive particle.

नः (naḥ) - us, to us, our

(pronoun)

Accusative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

Pronominal stem for first person.

Note: Object of 'vyanīnaśaḥ'.

सर्वान् (sarvān) - all, everyone

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Qualifies 'naḥ'.

व्यनीनशः (vyanīnaśaḥ) - you caused to perish, you destroyed

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of vināś

Aorist (Luṅ) causative

From prefix vi- and causative of √naś (to perish, disappear). Second person singular aorist form, used with 'mā' for prohibition. The 'ī' is part of the causative aorist stem formation.

Prefix: vi

Root: naś (class 4)

Note: Prohibitive sense with 'mā'.

सत्यात् (satyāt) - from truth, from faithfulness

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of satya

satya - truth, reality, faithfulness

From sat (being, true) + ya suffix.

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Used with 'cyutiḥ'.

च्युतिः (cyutiḥ) - deviation, fall, departure, lapse

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of cyuti

cyuti - deviation, fall, departure, lapse, loss

From √cyu (to move, fall) with suffix -ti.

Root: cyu (class 1)

क्षत्रियस्य (kṣatriyasya) - of a kshatriya, belonging to a kshatriya

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kṣatriya

kṣatriya - member of the warrior/ruling class, kshatriya

From kṣatra (rule, dominion).

Note: Possessive, referring to 'cyutiḥ'.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Negating particle.

Note: Negates 'praśasyate'.

धर्मेषु (dharmeṣu) - in matters of natural law (among natural laws, in duties, in the scriptures on natural law)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue, custom, religion

From √dhṛ (to uphold, support) with suffix -man.

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

प्रशस्यते (praśasyate) - is praised, is commended, is laudable

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of praśaṃs

Present (Laṭ)

From prefix pra- and √śaṃs (to praise). Passive voice, third person singular.

Prefix: pra

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

Note: The subject is 'cyutiḥ'.